Astronomy with an Opera-glass: A Popular Introduction to the Study of the Starry Heavens with the Simplest of Optical InstrumentsServiss, Garrett Putman
Science
Astronomy with an Opera-glass: A Popular Introduction to the Study of the Starry Heavens with the Simplest of Optical Instruments
Serviss, Garrett Putman
Astronomy
The star Beta, or Dabih, is also a double star. The companion is of a
beautiful blue color, generally described as "sky-blue." It is of the
seventh magnitude, while the larger star is of magnitude three and a
half. The latter is golden-yellow. The blue of the small star can be
seen with either an opera- or a field-glass, but it requires careful
looking and a clear and steady atmosphere. I recollect discovering the
color of this star with a field-glass, and exclaiming to myself, "Why,
the little one is as blue as a bluebell!" before I knew that that was
its hue as seen with a telescope. Trying my opera-glass upon it I found
that the color was even more distinct, although the small star was then
more or less enveloped in the yellow rays of the large one. The distance
between the two stars in Dabih is nearly the same as that between the
components of [epsilon] Lyrae, and the comparative difficulty of
separating them is an instructive example of the effect of a large star
in concealing a small one close beside it. The two stars in [epsilon]
Lyrae are of nearly equal brightness, and are very easily separated and
distinguished, but in [beta] Capricorni, or Dabih, one star is about
twenty times as bright as the other, and consequently the fainter star
is almost concealed in the glare of its more brilliant neighbor.
With the most powerful glass at your disposal, sweep from the star Zeta
([zeta]) eastward a distance somewhat greater than that separating Alpha
and Beta, and you will find a fifth-magnitude star beside a little
nebulous spot. This is the cluster known as 30 M, one of those
sun-swarms that overwhelm the mind of the contemplative observer with
astonishment, and especially remarkable in this case for the apparent
vacancy of the heavens immediately surrounding the cluster, as if all
the stars in that neighborhood had been drawn into the great assemblage,
leaving a void around it. Of course, with the instrument that our
observer is supposed to be using, merely the _existence_ of this solar
throng can be detected; but, if he sees that it is there, he may be led
to provide himself with a telescope capable of revealing its glories.
Admiral Smyth remarks that, "although Capricorn is not a striking
object, it has been the very pet of all constellations with
astrologers," and he quotes from an old almanac of the year 1386, that
"whoso is borne in Capcorn schal be ryche and wel lufyd." The
mythological account of the constellation is that it represents the goat
into which Pan was turned in order to escape from the giant Typhon, who
once on a time scared all the gods out of their wits, and caused them to
change themselves into animals, even Jupiter assuming the form of a ram.
According to some authorities, Piscis Australis represents the fish into
which Venus changed herself on that interesting occasion.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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