In the scarp due north of Harra, the Cenomanian sandstones and clays
with _Exogyra mermeti_ and _E. africana_ are conformably overlain
by a hard yellow crystalline limestone containing small nummulites;
so that here the Eocene clearly overlies the Cenomanian beds. If this
upper limestone bed be followed southwards along the scarp (see the
sections on Plate VIII) it appears to be continuous as far as the
road leading to Ain Haswi, where the ground forming the bottom of the
oasis-depression rises to the level of the limestone, and the clays
are completely hidden by sand and limestone-debris. There commences
here, however, a considerable thickening of the limestones, and hard
brown limestones, with calcite-filled cavities, and some soft earthy
beds come in; so that here we have the beginning of the series (No 6)
which has been described as recurring on the opposite scarp in the
same latitude, and which forms the hills north-west of Harra. The
topmost bed of the scarp is a hard crystalline limestone, which
appears continuous with that containing nummulites further north,
and the top of the plateau is therefore probably here also Eocene. A
little further south, the plateau-surface is covered with countless
small hills of white chalky limestones with siliceous beds; these
beds were searched without result for fossils, but as they overlie the
hard crystalline rock, above mentioned as probably Eocene, they must
be of Tertiary age, and therefore do not correspond with the Danian
white chalk of the western plateau. As the large hill near the plateau
east-north-east of Ain el Haiss is approached, the thickening of the
lower crystalline brown and grayish-white limestones is very marked,
and here they probably comprise both Cenomanian and Danian rocks; but
the dip south-eastward is so strong that the Eocene must be close to
the edge of the plateau, while the folding doubtless accounts for the
crystalline nature of the rocks and their poverty in fossils. South of
the large hill, a second plateau is met with at a distance of about a
kilometre eastward from the main scarp; this second plateau consists
of soft chalky beds similar to those above-mentioned, underlain by
clays and sandstones, while the main scarp still exhibits brown
and grayish crystalline limestones, though both the dip and the
thickness of these beds become gradually smaller. As the south point
of the oasis is approached the limestones thin out, till at the end
only a few beds of hard yellow-brown limestone occur in the clays;
these beds are continuous with those containing Cenomanian fossils
on the west plateau. Thus at the south-east portion of the scarp the
Danian is either absent, or represented by very thin beds at a little
distance from the oasis. It might be suggested that the soft chalky
limestones which form the second or upper plateau correspond with
the Danian white chalk of the west side; but several considerations
tend to negative this view.
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