The advantages and disadvantages in the struggle for existence are about equal in amount though naturally different in character. In Bavaria, society is old, habits strong, the fetters of trade not easily broken, untilled land scarce and the population dense. In Maine there is abundance of new land, much timber yet unconsumed, no limits on a choice of occupation, a new society and a sparse population. The state has a climate that stimulates to industry and the men pride themselves on their strength and energy. In Bavaria few receive aid from the state or the municipality; while in Maine, the records in this respect are frightful. Maine has in addition all the advantages that can be obtained by means of the most stringent prohibitory law ever devised, a law that, according to its advocates, must tend to secure peace, prosperity and happiness. Which of these countries should have most paupers, men who are unable to find their own living and are supported at the cost of the state? As a matter of fact the number in Bavaria is very small while the record of Maine is bad not merely in comparison with the old monarchy but as set against that of the United States at large. The last census shows one pauper to every 171.65 of the population of Maine, while the pauper rate of the whole country was only one in 502.47. Again, the condition of Bavaria is such as favors emigration to a large extent, yet her population, in spite of it, increased 4.5 per cent. during the last census decade while that of Maine decreased .02 _per cent._ during the same time, and _Maine was the only state in the Union where a decrease occurred_. We have seen that in the original comparison the _pros_ and _cons_ were pretty equally balanced. The difference is that Bavaria encourages the use of beer and Maine prohibits it. It must not, however, be supposed that the prohibitory law suppresses the sale of spirituous drinks. On this point abundant evidence will be shortly presented, and we need only say here that we know on the best authority that “no one need go without his whisky in Maine, though a glass of beer is not to be had for love or money.” The reason is obvious, beer is bulky and difficult of concealment while spirits can be easily hidden. In this connection notice that in the United States between 1860 and 1870 the production of beer rose from something more than a million barrels to over eight million and that during the same time the pauper rate decreased from one in 379.09 to one in 502.47, a striking and very significant fact which may well be commended to the attention of our legislators and others interested in the connection between the proverbial thrift of the German emigrant here and his indulgence in beer. The intellectual advance of the beer-drinking countries is so notorious as to need no special comment here.