Birds Found on the Arctic Slope of Northern AlaskaBee, James W.
Science
Birds Found on the Arctic Slope of Northern Alaska
Bee, James W.
Birds -- Alaska
+Sterna paradisaea+ Pontoppidan: Arctic tern.--Specimens, 11: 7-1/2 mi.
S and 7 mi. W Point Barrow, 156 deg.49'15", 71 deg.16'52", sea level, 2, Nos.
31315 and 31318, ad. male, Sept. 6, 1952; NE Teshekpuk Lake,
153 deg.05'40", 70 deg.39'40", 8 ft., 3, Nos. 30750-30752 including 2 ad.
males and 1 ad. female, Aug. 1, 1951; Topagaruk River, 155 deg.48', 70 deg.34',
10 ft., 3, Nos. 30753, ad. female, July 7, 1951, and 30754, ad. male,
July 9, 1951, and 30637, male, July 9, 1951; Kaolak River, 159 deg.47'40",
70 deg.11'15", 30 ft., 3, Nos. 30747-30749 including 2 ad. males, July 14,
18, 1951, and 1 ad. female, July 12, 1951.
Adult males and females prepared for specimens at Topagaruk (July 7,
9, 1951) showed signs of molting, especially in the primary wing
feathers. Three adult males averaged 92(87-93) grams in weight (the
largest male collected on the Arctic Slope was from Teshekpuk Lake on
August 1, 1951, and weighed 106 grams). The testes of these males
averaged 4.2 (3-5) mm in length (in late autumn testes recede to
approximately 1.0 mm in length). Two females from the same place and
shot on July 7 and 12, weighed 99 and 100 grams. The average diameter
of the largest ovum was 2.0 mm and the longest ovary was 6 mm.
At Kaolak River (July 12-18, 1951) an adult hunted day and night over
shallow water on a sand bar approximately 500 yards from its nest.
Water from lakes in an abandoned section of the river valley caused a
creek to flow at night into the river. In the day ephemeral pools were
formed because more water evaporated or sank into the sands. As pools
were formed, small fish one inch in length were trapped. Before the
pools disappeared, the tern captured all these fish. One of the terns
that had been feeding on these fish flew out over the upland tundra
approximately 500 feet from the river valley. This tern dove at us
twice and then returned to the river valley and its nest some 800 feet
away.
The nest of this bird was on one of three islands in a small lake. The
nesting island was three square yards in area and had been built to a
height of four feet above the level of the mainland by many years use
of the island. The nest was within 30 feet of a nest of a red-throated
loon, which was accepted in the territory of the tern without
molestation.
Northeast of Teshekpuk Lake (July 29-Aug. 4, 1951) a pair of terns had
young on a small island in a chain of lakes opening into the south end
of Barrier Lake. The adults hunted small fish along the south end of
Barrier Lake but especially in small lakes surrounding their nest.
These birds seemed to be the only terns nesting on this large lake. As
food was plentiful, available nesting sites may have governed the size
of the tern population.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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