When a coxswain has steered a course more than once he begins to know
his landmarks and their bearing upon each part of the course. There is
less strain upon his mind, and he becomes able to observe greater
accuracy. There is nothing like having the 'eye well in' for any scene
of action. A man plays relatively better upon a billiard-table or
lawn-tennis ground to which he is well accustomed than on one to which
he is a stranger; and a jockey rides a horse all the better for having
crossed him before the day of a race. However good a coxswain may be, he
will steer a course more accurately, on the average, in proportion as he
knows it more or less mechanically.
There is also a good deal in knowing the boat which has to be steered.
No two ships steer exactly alike. Some come round more easily than
others; some fetch up into the wind more freely than others. In modern
times it has been a common practice for builders to affix a movable
'fin' of metal to the bottom of a racing eight or four, under the after
canvas, which fin can be taken out or fixed in at option. In a cross
wind this helps to steady the track of a boat; but, unless wind is
strong and is abeam for a good moiety of the distance, the draw of the
water all the way occasioned by the fin costs more than the extra drag
of rudder which it obviates for just one part of the course.
In steering round a corner a coxswain should bear in mind that he must
not expect to see his boat pointing in the direction to which he desires
to make. His boat is a tangent to a curve, the curve being the shore.
His bows will be pointing to the shore which he is avoiding. It is the
position of his midship to the shore which he is rounding that he should
especially note. The boat should be brought round as gradually as the
severity of the wave will allow. If the curve is very sharp, like the
corners of the 'Gut' at Oxford, or 'Grassy' or Ditton corners at
Cambridge, the inside oars should be told to row light for a stroke or
two. It will ease their labour, and also that of the oars on the other
side.
When there is a stiff beam wind the bows of a racing craft tend to bear
up into the wind's eye. The vessel is making leeway all the time;
therefore if the coxswain on such an occasion steers by a landmark which
would guide him were the water calm, he will before long find himself
much to leeward of where he should be. In order to maintain his desired
course he should humour his boat, and allow her bow to hold up somewhat
into the wind (to windward of the landmark which otherwise would be
guiding him). To what extent he should do so he must judge for himself,
according to circumstances and to his own knowledge of the leeward
propensities of his boat. To lay down a hard-and-fast rule on this point
would be as much out of place as to attempt to frame a scale of
allowance which a Wimbledon rifleman ought to make for mirage or
cross-wind, when taking aim at a distant bull's-eye.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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