Kentucky -- History; Roads -- United States; Wilderness Road
He came at a fortunate time. The colonies were rejoicing over the first
great victory of the early war, Saratoga. Hope, everywhere, was high.
From Patrick Henry, Governor of Virginia, Clark received two orders, one
of which was to attack the British post Kaskaskia. He at once set out
for Pittsburg to raise, in the West (where both Dunmore and Lewis raised
their armies), troops for the most brilliant military achievement in
western history. Descending the Ohio to Kentucky, where he received
reënforcements, Clark marched silently through the forests--with one
hundred and thirty-five chosen men--to Kaskaskia, which he took in utter
surprise July 4, 1778. "Keep on with your merriment," he said to
revelers whom he surprised at a dance, "but remember you dance under
Virginia, not Great Britain." Clark brought the news of the alliance
recently made between France and the United States into the Illinois
country and used it with telling effect. A French priest at Vincennes
raised a Virginian flag over that fort, telling the inhabitants and the
Indians that their "French Father had come to life." In October Virginia
incorporated the "County of Illinois" within her western empire--the
first portion of the land north of the Ohio River to come under the
administration of one of the states of the Union.
Contemporaneously with Clark's stirring conquest, an expedition was
raised at Pittsburg to march against the Indians in the neighborhood of
the British fort at Sandusky--possibly to counteract the rumored attempt
to invade Pennsylvania, by Hamilton at Detroit. Troops and supplies were
to be assembled at Fort Pitt, where the famous route of Bouquet was to
be followed toward the lakes. The expedition was put in charge of
General Lachlan McIntosh. Distressing delays made the half-hearted
Indians who were to guide the army, chafe; and McIntosh started before
his stores arrived, fearing that longer delay would alienate his
friendly Indians, among whom was the Delaware, White Eyes, now turned
from a neutral course. At the mouth of the Beaver River McIntosh built
the fort which bears his name--the first fort built by the Americans on
the northern side of the Ohio. Advancing westward over Bouquet's
tri-trail track with twelve hundred men, he reached the Muskingum
(Tuscarawas) River in fourteen days, arriving November 19, 1778, where
he erected Fort Laurens.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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