The prizes are of five hundred mil réis for each plot of five hundred rubber trees properly planted; the favors consist of the distribution free of charge of chemical manure, seeds, plants, instructions and agricultural monographs, gratuitous tuition to all the laborer-planters, transport free by the Bragança Railway and steamers subsidized by the State, reduction of export duties, =etc.= Lastly, Law No. 1,115, of the 8th November, 1909, affords protection to the rubber trees that are actually yielding, with a view to improving their production. Article First authorizes the Government of the State to further the defence of the rubber industry as regards the latex and preparation of rubber, in order to prevent the destruction of the trees existing in the State, punishment being dealt to whomsoever manufactures the product by subversive means. Article second provides a prize of 50 contos of réis paper money at most, to be awarded at the Government’s discretion, to the discoverer or inventor of some process of manufacturing or preparing rubber, which may afford undeniable advantages as regards its manufacture and reduces the inferior classes to a single standard of rubber “fina,” ensuring a high price for the article. The State of Amazonas also, as per Law No. 675 of May 20, 1911, authorizes the Executive Power to concede any advisable favors to individuals or undertakings that may bind themselves to put up in Manáos factories for refinement of rubber by means of new and improved methods, so as to obtain a standard class of rubber for exportation. The Commercial, Industrial and Agricultural Congress held at Manáos in February, 1910, resolved in its final conclusions to recommend to the Brazilian Government and the immediate neighboring Republics, the reforming of their freights, especially as regards the food supplies; grant favors to navigation; free rivers from obstructions; construct railways; create colonial centres; admit of the pressing and absolute necessity to plant rubber trees in the Amazon valley and open new fields of plantation; suggests the establishment of permanent exhibitions of a highly educational character; advises the rubber extractors not to give up the process of curing by smoke and condemns entirely the use of acids or alum in the coagulation, and calls attention to the question of the commercial classes of rubber which should be properly defined. Going into details it requests numerous favors for the agriculturists that may go in for planting hevea rubber trees, cacao and cereals, cotton and other products, and that prizes be granted to cattle breeders, experimental fields be opened, as also laboratories of analysis and a service be established for dealing with the yellow fever and paludinous fevers, etc.