[18] Censuses of Canada (1665-1871), vol. iv.; _Appendix to the First Report of the Board of Registration and Statistics_ (1849); _A Statement of the Population of Canada_ (1848). [19] M'Taggart, _op. cit._ i. p. 35. [20] _Lord Durham's Report_, Appendix A. Sir Charles Lucas has not included this appendix in his edition. [21] _Ibid._ (ed. Lucas), iii. p. 220. [22] Mrs. Jameson, _Studies and Rambles in Canada_, i. p. 98. [23] _A Long-treasured Letter_, from _Matthew Fowlds and Other Fenwick Worthies_, Kilmarnock, 1910, pp. 205-11. [24] Strickland, _Twenty Seven Years in Canada West_, i. p. 35. [25] M'Taggart, _op. cit._ i. p. 201. [26] This statement I modify below in dealing with the violence which disfigured political life in Canada at this time. [27] _Passim _in descriptions of the Canadian Indians, and the North-West. [28] _Lord Durham's Report_, ii. p. 125 n. [29] See local news in the early volumes of _The Montreal Witness_. [30] I have accepted Durham's, rather than Metcalfe's estimate of the influence of the Roman Catholic church in Canada. The latter may be found in a despatch to Stanley, entitled by Kaye, "State of Parties in 1845" (Kaye, _op. cit._ p. 449). [31] Hodgins, _Documentary History of Education in Upper Canada_, iii. p. 298. [32] MS. letter, 5 December, 1842. [33] Bell, _Hints to Emigrants_, p. 125. [34] Hodgins, _Documentary History of Education in Upper Canada_, iii. p. 266. [35] _Ibid._ p. 249. [36] _Memorials of the Rev. John Machar_, D.D., p. 62. [37] Bagot Correspondence, in the Canadian Archives, _passim_. [38] _Montreal Gazette_, 8 October, 1839. [39] _Memorials of the Rev. John Machar_, p. 77. [40] A strong, probably exaggerated, opinion exists among the older members of the Canadian community that, while information and specialization have grown, culture has retreated from the standards set for it by the former school of English and Scottish college instructors. [41] "The amount of postage paid by newspapers would be a fair indication of their circulation.... The postage on the _Christian Guardian_ was L228, which exceeded by L6 the aggregate postage on the following newspapers: _Colonial Advocate_, L57; _The Courier_, L45; _Watchman_, L24; _Brockville Recorder_, L16; _Brockville Gazette_, L6; _Niagara Gleaner_, L17; _Hamilton Free Press_, L11; _Kingston Herald_, L11; _Kingston Chronicle_, L10; _Perth Examiner_, L10; _Patriot_, L6; _St. Catherine's Journal_, L6; _York Observer_, L3."--Egerton Ryerson, _Story of My Life_, p. 144. [42] _The Montreal Witness_, December, 1845. "We do not mean to criticize those prohibitory regulations, but, however good their motives, the effect has been to girdle the tree of knowledge in Canada, by shutting out the people from the only available supplies of books." [43] _Lord Durham's Report_, ii. p. 138. [44] Strachan, _A Journal of Visitation to the Western Portion of his Diocese_ (1842). Third edition, London, 1846.