[45] _Memorial of the Rev. E. Black, D.D., to the Secretary of State for the Colonies_. [46] _Memorials of the Rev. J. Machar, D.D._, p. 38. [47] Bell, _Hints to Emigrants_, p. 86. [48] Robinson, _Life of Sir J. B. Robinson_, p. 179. [49] Dent, _The Last Forty Years_, i. p. 109. [50] Sir G. Grey to the Rev. E. Black, 25 March, 1837, in _Correspondence relating to the Churches of England and Scotland in Canada_ (15 April, 1840). [51] Bell, _Hints to Emigrants_, p. 101. [52] Lord Sydenham to Lord John Russell, 22 January, 1840. [53] Quoted from Dent, _The Last Forty Years_, ii. p. 192. [54] That is, his bill for dividing the Reserves in certain proportions among the churches. [55] Poulett Scrope, _Life of Lord Sydenham_, pp. 160-1. [56] See the Elgin-Grey Correspondence (Canadian Archives) for the year 1850. [57] Christie, _History of Lower Canada_, v. pp. 113-14. [58] _Faithful unto Death, a Memorial of John Anderson, late Janitor of Queen's College_, p. 26. [59] Sir Charles Bagot to Lord Stanley, 26 September, 1842. [60] Bagot Correspondence: Cartwright to Bagot, 16 May, 1842. [61] Arthur to Normanby, 2 July, 1839. [62] Lord Sydenham to Lord John Russell, 23 February, 1841. [63] Elgin-Grey Correspondence: W. L. Mackenzie to Major Campbell, 14 February, 1848. [64] Hincks, _Reminiscences_, p. 15. [65] Poulett Scrope, _Life of Lord Sydenham_, p. 165. [66] See, for example, a despatch--Metcalfe to Stanley, 24 June, 1843--descriptive of troubles on the Beauharnois Canal. [67] A bill of 1833, _penes me_. [68] Metcalfe to Stanley, 23 December, 1843. {70} CHAPTER III. THE GOVERNORS-GENERAL: LORD SYDENHAM. Between 1839 and 1854, four governors-general exercised authority over Canada, the Right Honourable Charles Poulett Thomson, later Lord Sydenham, Sir Charles Bagot, Charles, Lord Metcalfe, and the Earl of Elgin.[1] Their statesmanship, their errors, the accidents which modified their policies, and the influence of their decisions and despatches on British cabinets, constitute on the whole the most important factor in the creation of the modern Canadian theory of government. In consequence, their conduct with reference to colonial autonomy and all the questions therewith connected, demands the most careful and detailed treatment.