Buffon's Natural History. Volume 10 (of 10): Containing a Theory of the Earth, a General History of Man, of the Brute Creation, and of Vegetables, Minerals, &c. &cBuffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, comte de
History
Buffon's Natural History. Volume 10 (of 10): Containing a Theory of the Earth, a General History of Man, of the Brute Creation, and of Vegetables, Minerals, &c. &c
Buffon, Georges Louis Leclerc, comte de
Natural history
We must not, however, conclude that Nature really performs by the means
of water all that we do by fire. The decomposition of every substance
is only to be made by division, and the greater this division the more
the decomposition will be complete. Fire seems to divide as much as
possible those matters which it fuses; nevertheless it may be doubted
whether those which water and acids keep in dissolution are not still
more divided, and the vapours raised by heat contain matters still
further attenuated, in the bowels of the earth, then, by the means
of the heat it includes, and the water which insinuates, there is
made an infinity of sublimations; distillations, chrystallizations,
aggregations, and disjunctions, of every kind. By time all substances
may be compounded and decompounded by these means; water may divide
and attenuate the parts more than fire when it melts them, and those
attenuated parts will join in the same manner as those of fused metal
unite by cooling. Crystallization, of which the salts have given us
an idea, is never performed but when a substance, being disengaged
from every other, is much divided and sustained by a fluid, which
having little or no affinity with it, permits it to unite and form by
virtue of its force of attraction, masses of a figure nearly similar
to its primitive parts. This operation, which supposes all the above
circumstances, may be done by the intermediate aid of fire as well as
by that of water, and is often accomplished by the concurrence of both,
because all this exacts but one division of matter sufficiently great
for its primitive parts to be able to form, by uniting figured bodies
like themselves. Now fire can bring many substances to this state much
better than any other dissolvent, as observation demonstrates to us in
asbestos, and other productions of fire, whose figures are regular, and
which must be looked upon as true crystallizations. Yet this degree of
division, necessary to crystallization, is not the greatest possible,
since in this state the small parts of matter are still sufficiently
large to constitute a mass, which like other masses, is only obedient
to the sole attractive force, and the volumes of which, only touching
in points, cannot acquire the resultive force that a much greater
division might perform by a more immediate contact, and this is what
we see happen in effervescences, where at once, heat and light are
produced by the mixture of two cold liquors.
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