Cassell's book of birds; vol. 2Brehm, Alfred Edmund
Science
Cassell's book of birds; vol. 2
Brehm, Alfred Edmund
Birds
The KITES (_Milvi_) constitute a group of Falcons, many species of
which are to be met with in all parts of the world. Of these birds it
is almost impossible to speak in general terms, so very various is
their appearance; and we must therefore confine ourselves to saying
that they are for the most part slender in shape, with short necks, and
small or moderate sized heads. Their wings are always long and pointed,
and usually rather narrow; the tail varies considerably in length,
but is generally very long and forked--really _short_ tails are only
exceptionally met with in this group. The foot, which is either long and
weak or small and heavy, is invariably furnished with short toes; the
beak is moderate, usually curving directly from its base, and hooked
at the extremity, near which it occasionally presents a tooth-like
appendage; the claws are slightly rounded and very sharp. The plumage is
extremely soft and tolerably dense about the region of the head, forming
in some instances a kind of ruff of long feathers which surround the
ears, and, when spread out, materially assist the sense of hearing. To
these characteristics we can only add that their colours are sometimes
pale, and sometimes exceedingly bright. All the various members of this
group are remarkable for the excellence of their flight, which differs
essentially from that of any other birds of prey. Unlike the True
Falcons, their movements are extremely calm and regular--indeed, they may
be said to travel through the realms of air without any direct stroke
of the wing, a peculiarity which occasionally gives a rocking motion to
the flight of some species, the points of the wings being at such times
held above the plane of the body. When upon the ground, however, their
movements are by no means effected with equal facility--some species walk
with ease, while others appear to progress with great difficulty. In all
these birds the sense of sight is very highly developed, and such as
possess the long feathers around the neck hear with great acuteness; of
the delicacy of their sense of taste we cannot speak with any certainty.
As regards intelligence, the Kites are decidedly inferior to other
Falcons; they are cautious and persevering, cunning and inquisitive,
extremely rapacious, but so destitute of courage that we must stigmatise
them as mere thieves, amongst whom the reckless deeds of daring often
wrought by other members of the fraternity are entirely unknown; indeed,
a Kite always prefers to follow in the wake of some other bird of prey,
in order to obtain the refuse of its hardly-earned spoil, rather than
engage in any struggle on its own account. Great diversity is observable
in the mode of life adopted by the various species of Kites; the greater
number live entirely apart, not merely from other birds, but from their
own kind, while some fly about in pairs--only a few dwell together
in small parties: these latter, however, are very sociable, and much
attached to their companions.
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