Celtic art in Pagan and Christian timesAllen, J. Romilly (John Romilly)
Philosophy
Celtic art in Pagan and Christian times
Allen, J. Romilly (John Romilly)
Art, Celtic
From another grave, about 1 foot 6 inches deep, situated 200 yards
north-west of Aylesford Church, was obtained a bronze-plated tankard
with two handles, of the same class as the Trawsfynydd tankard,
surrounded by a circle of five or six earthenware vases, one of these
being the finest pedestalled urn collected from the site. All the
antiquities from Aylesford are now in the British Museum.
_Remains of the Early Iron Age found on Inhabited or Fortified
Sites._—Next in importance to the sepulchral remains, as affording
indications of the culture of the Early Iron Age, come the remains
derived from inhabited or from fortified sites. And it may be remarked
in passing that it is impossible to separate the inhabited from the
fortified sites, because in these early times the state of the country
was so unsettled that no isolated place of residence, village or town,
could afford to do without some means of defence, either natural or
artificial.
The inhabited site which bids fair to rival all others in the varied
nature of the relics obtained from it, and the light they help to throw
on the arts and industries of the Early Iron Age in Great Britain, is
the Glastonbury Marsh Village. As the explorations begun by Mr. Arthur
Bulleid, F.S.A., in 1892 are still in progress, it would be premature
to pass an opinion upon the finds until they are completely exhausted.
For an account of what has been already discovered there, the reader is
referred to Mr. Bulleid’s paper on the subject, which appeared recently
in the _Proceedings of the Somersetshire Archæological Society_.[128] A
bronze bowl is there illustrated which seems to be of the same kind as
those derived from the graves, but it is ornamented with raised bosses
instead of with circular plaques of enamel. The handle of a mirror,
like those from the graves, was also found at the Glastonbury Marsh
Village in 1896.
From the exploration of this settlement we have obtained a knowledge
of the peaceful pursuits and methods of life of the Late-Celtic
inhabitants, which could never have been derived from their sepulchral
remains. We now know that they were expert potters, wood-carvers,
coopers, and weavers,[129] applying the same beautiful flamboyant forms
of decoration that are characteristic of the metalwork of the period to
earthenware and wooden vessels. The long-handled weaving-combs, which
are so well known in the Pictish towers, or _brochs_, of the north of
Scotland, have been found here also. Amongst the iron implements was
a billhook for lopping the branches of trees—a most useful appliance
for clearing away undergrowth in forests, procuring firewood, and
building wattled structures. Unbaked ovoid clay pellets have been dug
up in hundreds. These were probably sling-stones, indicating that the
inhabitants must have been expert fowlers.
[128] Vol. xl. (1893).
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