Ceremonies of the Pomo IndiansBarrett, S. A. (Samuel Alfred)
Religion
Ceremonies of the Pomo Indians
Barrett, S. A. (Samuel Alfred)
Pomo Indians -- Social life and customs; Pomo dance
_he´lehela ke._--The painting for this dance was the same as for the
hō´hō. Each man wore upon his head a down head-net, a pair of
trembler plumes, and a yellowhammer-feather forehead-band. Each had a
bone whistle and a ke´cīge. Neither whistles nor feather skirts were
used. Each woman wore a feather tuft and a down head-net.
A fairly high pole similar to the one employed in the initiation rite
of the Gū´ksū ceremony was erected in the area directly in front
of the dance-house. The participants gathered about its base and each
man attempted to climb it, while the women danced in a circle about its
base. The wife of the climber, and sometimes other women, threw balls
of "pinole" (grass-seed meal) at him as he ascended.
_da´ma ke._--Concerning the da´ma dance, little could be learned save
that it was connected with some sort of esoteric organization and was
very rarely danced. There was but one woman who was said to know all
the details of this dance, but the opportunity did not present itself
to interview her. She is now deceased.
_dja´ne ke._--The dja´ne dance was always danced by two men and four
women, the men forming the middle of the line, two of the women being
at each end. They wore similar costumes, which were very simple. All
that could be learned concerning the details, however, was that the
mouth was painted black with a short line running out from each corner,
and that each dancer wore a feather skirt upon his back and used a
whistle.
_kara´iya ke._--The kara´iya dance was danced by two men and two
women, and only once during any given ceremony. Men and women dressed
alike, except that the women wore the ordinary woman's skirt. No paint
was used. Upon the head was a feather tuft, a yellowhammer-feather
forehead-band, two trembler plumes and some down. Each dancer carried a
bone whistle.
_sawe´t ke._--No details were learned concerning this dance.
DANCES IN WHICH ONLY MEN PERFORMED
There are known among the Pomo at least five dances in which the
performers were always men. They are the hī´we, the ī´dam, and
the xō or fire dance and the ghost and the Gū´ksū dances
mentioned above.
_hī´we ke._--While this was danced by men only, women were
privileged to witness it. The dancers first painted the entire body
black and then added many white spots irregularly placed all over the
body. Each dancer carried a staff six or seven feet long and similarly
painted. The face of the dancer was painted black, and each wore a
large feather tuft on his head. This was, however, not so large as that
worn by the Gū´ksū-dancer. The music for this dance was quite
unusual in that the drum was not used. The head singer also acted as
master of ceremonies. The dancers formed a straight line and danced
in place without any forward or lateral motion, and all joined in the
singing.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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