different genius of the two poets. There is no double entendre in the
characters of Chaucer: they are either quite serious or quite comic. In
Shakespeare the ludicrous and ironical are constantly blended with the
stately and the impassioned. We see Chaucer's characters as they saw
themselves, not as they appeared to others or might have appeared to the
poet. He is as deeply implicated in the affairs of his personages as
they could be themselves. He had to go a long journey with each of them,
and became a kind of necessary confidant. There is little relief, or
light and shade in his pictures. The conscious smile is not seen lurking
under the brow of grief or impatience. Everything with him is intense
and continuous--a working out of what went before.--Shakespeare never
committed himself to his characters. He trifled, laughed, or wept with
them as he chose. He has no prejudices for or against them; and it seems
a matter of perfect indifference whether he shall be in jest or earnest.
According to him, 'the web of our lives is of a mingled yam, good and
ill together'. His genius was dramatic, as Chaucer's was historical. He
saw both sides of a question, the different views taken of it according
to the different interests of the parties concerned, and he was at once
an actor and spectator in the scene. If anything, he is too various and
flexible; too full of transitions, of glancing lights, of salient
points. If Chaucer followed up his subject too doggedly, perhaps
Shakespeare was too volatile and heedless. The Muse's wing too often
lifted him off his feet. He made infinite excursions to the right and
the left.
--He hath done
Mad and fantastic execution,
Engaging and redeeming of himself
With such a careless force and forceless care,
As if that luck in very spite of cunning
Bade him win all.
Chaucer attended chiefly to the real and natural, that is, to the
involuntary and inevitable impressions on the mind in given
circumstances: Shakespeare exhibited also the possible and the
fantastical,--not only what things are in themselves, but whatever
they might seem to be, their different reflections, their endless
combinations. He lent his fancy, wit, invention, to others, and
borrowed their feelings in return. Chaucer excelled in the force of
habitual sentiment; Shakespeare added to it every variety of
passion, every suggestion of thought or accident. Chaucer described
external objects with the eye of a painter, or he might be said to
have embodied them with the hand of a sculptor, every part is so
thoroughly made out, and tangible: Shakespeare's imagination threw
over them a lustre
--Prouder than when blue Iris bends.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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