The king, accordingly, in 1633, began to make preparations for a royal progress into Scotland. He first issued a proclamation requiring a proper supply of provisions to be collected at the several points of his proposed route, and specified the route, and the length of stay which he should make in each place. He set out on the 13th of May with a splendid retinue. He stopped at the seats of several of the nobility on the way, to enjoy the hospitalities and entertainments which they had prepared for him. He proceeded so slowly that it was a month before he reached the frontier. Here all his English servants and retinue retired from their posts, and their places were supplied by Scotchmen who had been previously appointed, and who were awaiting his arrival. He entered Edinburgh with great pomp and parade, all Scotland flocking to the capital to witness the festivities. The coronation took place three days afterward. He met the Scotch Parliament, and, for form's sake, took a part in the proceedings, so as actually to exercise his royal authority as King of Scotland. This being over, he was conducted in great state back to Berwick, which is on the frontier, and thence he returned by rapid journeys to London. The king dissolved his last Parliament in 1629. He had now been endeavoring for four or five years to govern alone. He succeeded tolerably well, so far as external appearances indicated, up to this time. There was, however, beneath the surface, a deep-seated discontent, which was constantly widening and extending, and, soon after the return of the king from Scotland, real difficulties gradually arose, by which he was, in the end, compelled to call a Parliament again. What these difficulties were will be explained in the subsequent chapters. CHAPTER VI. ARCHBISHOP LAUD. 1633-1639 Archbishop Laud.--The Church.--System of the English Church.--The Archbishop of Canterbury.--Canterbury.--The Cathedral.--Officers.--Laud made archbishop.--His business capacity.--Laud's character.--Episcopacy in England and the United States.--Opposition to the Established Church.--The Puritans.--Disputes about the services of the Church.--Controversy about amusements on Sunday.--Laud's contention with the judges.--Severe punishments for expression of opinion.--Case of Lilburne.--His indomitable spirit.--The young lawyer's toast.--Ingenious plea.--Laud's designs upon the Scotch Church.--Motives of Laud and the king.--The Liturgy.--The Scotch.--Laud prepares them a Liturgy.--Times of tumult.--Preaching to an empty church.--The Scotch rebel.--The king's fool.--A general assembly called in Scotland.--The king's expedition to the north.--The army at York.--The oath.--The king's march.--Artifice of the Scots.--The compromise.--The army disbanded.--The king's difficulties.--He thinks of a Parliament.