And thus, with the courage of a good or at all events easy conscience,
he sets about his task which unfortunately--it is conjectured by reason
of domestic calamities, probably including the death of his
wife--remained, or at least has come down to us unfinished. We have
only nine of the nineteen stories which he appears to have intended to
present (though indeed a manuscript of Henry IV's reign quotes
Chaucer's book of "25 good women"). It is by no means necessary to
suppose that all these nine stories were written continuously; maybe,
too, Chaucer, with all his virtuous intentions, grew tired of his
rather monotonous scheme, at a time when he was beginning to busy
himself with stories meant to be fitted into the more liberal framework
of the "Canterbury Tales." All these illustrations of female constancy
are of classical origin, as Chaucer is glad to make known and most of
them are taken from Ovid. But though the thread of the English poet's
narratives is supplied by such established favourites as the stories of
Cleopatra the Martyr Queen of Egypt, of Thisbe of Babylon the Martyr,
and of Dido to whom "Aeneas was forsworn," yet he by no means slavishly
adheres to his authorities, but alters or omits in accordance with the
design of his book. Thus, for instance, we read of Medea's desertion
by Jason, but hear nothing of her as the murderess of her children;
while, on the other hand, the tragedy of Dido is enhanced by pathetic
additions not to be found in Virgil. Modern taste may dislike the way
in which this poem mixes up the terms and ideas of Christian
martyrology with classical myths, and as "the Legend of the Saints of
Cupid" assumes the character of a kind of calendar of women canonised
by reason of their faithfulness to earthly love. But obviously this is
a method of treatment belonging to an age, not to a single poem or
poet. Chaucer's artistic judgment in the selection and arrangement of
his themes, the wonderful vivacity and true pathos with which he turns
upon Tarquin or Jason as if they had personally offended him, and his
genuine flow of feeling not only FOR but WITH his unhappy heroines, add
a new charm to the old familiar faces. Proof is thus furnished, if any
proof were needed, that no story interesting in itself is too old to
admit of being told again by a poet; in Chaucer's version Ovid loses
something in polish, but nothing in pathos; and the breezy freshness of
nature seems to be blowing through tales which became the delight of a
nation's, as they have been that of many a man's, youth.
A single passage must suffice to illustrate the style of the "Legend of
Good Women"; and it shall be the lament of Ariadne, the concluding
passage of the story which is the typical tale of desertion, though
not, as it remains in Chaucer, of desertion unconsoled. It will be
seen how far the English poet's vivacity is from being extinguished by
the pathos of the situation described by him.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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