Christian Schools and Scholars: or, Sketches of Education from the Christian Era to the Council of TrentDrane, Augusta Theodosia
History
Christian Schools and Scholars: or, Sketches of Education from the Christian Era to the Council of Trent
Drane, Augusta Theodosia
Church and education; Education -- Europe -- History; Renaissance; Scholasticism
on the same subject are taken two of the hymns used by the Church on
the festivals of Christmas and the Epiphany.[39] St. Servanus, the
first bishop of Orkney, is represented by some as a disciple of St.
Palladius, but it is probable that he lived some years later. He was
the founder of the monastery of Culross, where he brought up many
youths from childhood, and educated them for the sacred ministry.
Among these was one named Kentigern, so beautiful in person, and so
innocent in manners, that his companions bestowed on him the title of
_Mungo_, or the dearly beloved, by which name he is still best known
in Scotland. When only twenty-five years of age the people demanded
him for their bishop; he was accordingly consecrated by an Irish
prelate, and chose for his residence a certain solitary place at the
mouth of the river Clyde, the site of the present city of Glasgow.
Here he erected a church and monastery, where he lived with his
clergy according to the apostolic rule, his diocese extending from
the Atlantic to the shores of the German Ocean; and over its vast
extent he constantly journeyed on foot, preaching and administering
baptism. The throne of the Scottish prince Rydderch the Liberal
having been seized by one of his rebellious nobles, St. Kentigern
was forced by the usurper to quit the country, and took refuge in
Wales, where, after visiting St. David at Menevia, he received from
one of the Welsh princes a grant of the tract of land lying between
the rivers Elwy and Clywd, where he erected the monastery and school
of Llan-Elwy. Local tradition affirms that the name of Clywd was
bestowed by him on the stream that bounded his domain, in memory
of his old home on the banks of the Clyde. Here he was joined by a
great number of followers, among whom he established regular monastic
discipline. His rule, however, had some peculiarities in it. He
divided his community into three companies, two of them, who were
unlearned, were employed in agriculture and the domestic offices,
the third, which was formed of the learned, devoted their time to
study and apostolic labours; and this last class numbered upwards of
three hundred. These again were divided into two choirs, one of whom
entered the church as the others left, so that the praises of God at
all hours resounded in their mouths. From this college a great number
of apostolic missionaries went forth, not only into different parts
of Britain, but also to Norway, Iceland, and the Orkney Islands St.
Kentigern himself continued to journey about, preaching the faith,
silencing the Pelagian heretics, and founding churches. On the
restoration of Rydderch, in 544, St. Kentigern was recalled to his
see, and left the government of his monastery and school at Llan-Elwy
to St. Asaph, his favourite scholar, whose name was afterwards
conferred upon the church and diocese.
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