Chronicles of Newgate, Vol. 1: From the twelfth to the eighteenth centuryGriffiths, Arthur
History
Chronicles of Newgate, Vol. 1: From the twelfth to the eighteenth century
Griffiths, Arthur
Criminals -- Great Britain; Newgate (Prison : London, England); Prisons -- England; Punishment -- Great Britain
Nothing could exceed the cool impudence with which reputed robbers
showed themselves in public places. They did not always escape capture,
however. "A noted highwayman in a scarlet cloak," says Luttrell,
"and coat laced with gold taken in Covent Garden." Another was taken
in the Strand and sent to Newgate. Five more were captured at the
Rummer, Charing Cross; three others, notorious highwaymen, taken at
the "Cheshire Cheeze." At times they fought hard for liberty. "One
Wake, a highwayman, pursued to Red Lion Fields, set his back against
the wall and faced the constables and mob. He shot the former, and
wounded others, but was at last taken and sent to Newgate." Whitney,
the famous highwayman, was taken without Bishopsgate, being "discovered
by one Hill, as he (Whitney) walked the street. Hill observed where
the robber 'housed,' and calling for assistance, went to the door."
Whitney defended himself for about an hour, but the people increasing,
and the officers of Newgate being sent for, he surrendered himself, but
not before he had stabbed Hill with a bayonet, "not mortal." He was
handcuffed and shackled with irons, and committed to Newgate.
Whitney had done business on a large scale. He had been arrested before
by a party of horse despatched by William III, which had come up with
him lurking between St. Alban's and Barnet. He was attacked, but made a
stout defence, killing some and wounding others before he was secured.
He must have got free again very soon afterwards. His second arrest,
which has just been detailed, was followed by that of many others of
his gang. Three were seized near Chelsea College by some soldiers; two
more were in company, but escaped. On Sunday two others were taken; one
kept a livery stable at Moorfield's. Soon after his committal there
was a strong rumour that he had escaped from Newgate, but he continued
closely confined there, and had forty pounds weight of irons on his
legs. He had his tailor make him a rich embroidered suit with peruke
and hat, worth £100; but the keeper refused to let him wear them,
because they would disguise him.
Whitney made many attempts to purchase pardon. He offered to discover
his associates, and those that give notice when and where the money is
conveyed on the roads in coaches and wagons. He was, however, put upon
his trial, and eventually convicted and sentenced to death. He went
in the cart to the place of execution, but was reprieved and brought
back to Newgate with a rope round his neck, followed by a "vast" crowd.
Next night he was carried to Whitehall and examined as to the persons
who hired the highwaymen to rob the mails. But he was again ordered
for execution, and once more sought to gain a reprieve by writing a
letter in which he offered, if he might have his pardon, to betray
a conspiracy to kill the king. His last appeal was refused, and he
suffered at Porter's Block, near Cow Cross, Smithfield.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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