We have been with those Americans through the greatest Revolution of all, when their leaders and the average Americans themselves, still determined to obtain that maximum protected enjoyment of individual human liberty and awake to the knowledge that it could not be obtained through a general government with naught but _federal_ powers, rose again to the great occasion. We have been with them when, outside of all then existing constitutions and outside of all written American law _except the Statute of ’76_, those Americans, at the suggestion of their _American_ leaders, made themselves the members of one great political society of human beings, the nation which is America. We have been with them when they gave the government of America, by direct grant from themselves, such enumerated _national_ powers to command them, the citizens of America, as they--_not the state governments_--deemed wise and necessary to protect their human liberty against all oppressors, _including all governments_. We have been with them--_and we have marveled_--while they themselves actually made, by their own action, their amazingly effective distribution of all delegated powers to interfere with individual freedom. We have seen that they gave to the new government, the only government of the citizens of America, naught but enumerated _national_ powers, with the ability to make all laws necessary for the proper execution of those enumerated powers, and reserved to themselves alone--not to any government or governments in the world--all other possible national powers over the self-governing people, the citizens of America. We have seen how they, the citizens of America, the possessors of the supreme will in America, then ended the complete independence of each of the thirteen nations but reserved to the citizens of each nation much of their former ability to exercise their own national powers of government over themselves, through their own delegation of such power to their only attorney in fact for such purpose, their own legislature. We have seen those American citizens, while destroying the complete independence of those former nations, incorporate the former federation of states into their own system of a society or nation of all the human beings of America. We have seen them, in the constitution of their own _national_ government, make it also the _federal_ government of that federation and leave with it such _federal_ powers as they themselves deemed wise. We know, therefore, as they knew in 1790 when their great distribution of power had become effective, that no legislature in America could exercise a _national_ power not granted by its own citizens, and that no legislature or legislatures in America could give any _national_ power to any government.