Just how widely the sequoias can be used as a measure of the climate of the past is not yet certain. In some regions, as will shortly be explained, the climatic changes seem to have been of an opposite character from those of California. In others the Californian or eastern Mediterranean type of change seems sometimes to prevail but is not always evident. For example, at Malta the rainfall today shows a distinct relation to that of Jerusalem and to the growth of the sequoias. But the correlation coefficient between the rainfall of eight-year periods at Naples, a little farther north, and the growth of the sequoias at the end of the periods is -0.132, or only 1.4 times the probable error and much too small to be significant. This is in harmony with the fact that although Naples has summer droughts, they are not so pronounced as in California and Palestine, and the prevalence of storms is much greater. Jerusalem receives only 8 per cent of its rain in the seven months from April to October, and Sacramento 13, while Malta receives 31 per cent and Naples 43. Nevertheless, there is some evidence that in the past the climatic fluctuations of southern Italy followed nearly the same course as those of California and Palestine. This apparent discrepancy seems to be explained by our previous conclusion that changes of climate are due largely to a shifting of storm tracks. When sunspots are numerous the storms which now prevail in northern Italy seem to be shifted southward and traverse the Mediterranean to Palestine just as similar storms are shifted southward in the United States. This perhaps accounts for the agreement between the sequoia curve and the agricultural and social history of Rome from about 400 B. C. to 100 A. D., as explained in _World Power and Evolution_. For our present purposes, however, the main point is that since rainfall records have been kept the fluctuations of climate indicated by the growth of the sequoias have agreed closely with fluctuations in the rainfall of the eastern Mediterranean region. Presumably the same was true in the past. In that case, the sequoia curve not only is a good indication of climatic changes or pulsations in regions of similar climate, but may serve as a guide to coincident but different changes in regions of other types.