FROM what has been advanced, the truth of the former branch of our definition, is (I trust) sufficiently evident; that "_municipal law is a rule of civil conduct prescribed by the supreme power in a state_." I proceed now to the latter branch of it; that it is a rule so prescribed, "_commanding what is right, and prohibiting what is wrong_." NOW in order to do this completely, it is first of all necessary that the boundaries of right and wrong be established and ascertained by law. And when this is once done, it will follow of course that it is likewise the business of the law, considered as a rule of civil conduct, to enforce these rights and to restrain or redress these wrongs. It remains therefore only to consider in what manner the law is said to ascertain the boundaries of right and wrong; and the methods which it takes to command the one and prohibit the other. FOR this purpose every law may be said to consist of several parts: one, _declaratory_; whereby the rights to be observed, and the wrongs to be eschewed, are clearly defined and laid down: another, _directory_, whereby the subject is instructed and enjoined to observe those rights, and to abstain from the commission of those wrongs: a third, _remedial_; whereby a method is pointed out to recover a man's private rights, or redress his private wrongs: to which may be added a fourth, usually termed the _sanction_, or _vindicatory_ branch of the law; whereby it is signified what evil or penalty shall be incurred by such as commit any public wrongs, and transgress or neglect their duty.