Comparative ReligionCarpenter, J. Estlin (Joseph Estlin)
Religion
Comparative Religion
Carpenter, J. Estlin (Joseph Estlin)
Religions
With a yet bolder leap of imagination did a Polynesian poet picture the
great process. From island to island between Hawaii and New Zealand is
a "high god" known as Taaroa, Tangaloa, Tangaroa, and Kanaroa. The
Samoans said that he existed in space and wished for some place to
dwell in, so he made the heavens; and then wished to have a place under
the heavens, so he made the earth. Tahitian mythology declared (the
versions of priests and wise men differed) that he was born of night or
darkness. Then he embraced a rock, the imagined foundation of all
things, which brought forth earth and sea; the heavens were created
with sun, moon, and stars, clouds, wind, and rain, and the dry land
appeared below. The whole process was summed up in a hymn--
"He was: Taaroa was his name.
He abode in the void; no earth, no sea, no sky.
Taaroa calls, but nought answers,
Then, alone existing, he became the universe."
The relations of these creative Powers to man are conceived very
differently. The {113} Maker of the world may be continually
interested in it, and may continue to administer the processes which he
has begun. The Akkra negro looks up to the living sky, Nyongmo, as the
author of all things, who is benevolently active day by day: "We see
every day," said a fetish-man, "how the grass, the corn, and the trees,
spring forth through the rain and sunshine sent by Nyongmo [_Nyongmo
ne_ = 'Nyongmo rains'], how should he not be the creator?" So he is
invoked with prayer and rite. The great Babylonian god, Marduk, son of
Ea (god of wisdom and spells), alone succeeds in overcoming the might
of Tiamat (the Hebrew _tehôm_ or "deep"), the primeval chaos with her
hideous brood of monsters, and out of her carcass makes the firmament
of heaven. He arranges the stations of the stars, he founds the earth,
and places man upon it. "His word is established," cries the poet,
"his command is unchangeable: wide is his heart, broad is his
compassion." A conqueror so splendid could not relinquish his energy,
or rest on his achievements: he must remain on the throne of the world
to direct and support its ways. Here is a prayer of Nebuchadrezzar to
this lofty deity--
"O eternal ruler, lord of all being, grant that the name of the king
thou lovest, whose name thou hast proclaimed, may flourish as seems
pleasing to thee. Lead him in the right {114} way. I am the prince
that obeys thee, the creature of thy hand. Thou hast created me, and
hast entrusted to me dominion over mankind. According to thy mercy, O
lord, which thou bestowest upon all, may thy supreme rule be merciful!
The worship of thy divinity implant within my heart. Grant me what
seems good to thee, for thou art he that hast fashioned my life."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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