the oil of catechumens, saying _Ungo te in regem de oleo sanctificato in nomine_, etc. and then on the hands with the form _Unguantur manus istae_. The anointing is followed by a number of prayers, _Prospice Omn. deus serenis obtutibus_, _Spiritus Sancti gratia_, _Deus qui es iustorum_, _Sursum corda_, _Preface_, and _Creator omnium_, and _Deus Dei filius_. Of these _Spiritus Sancti gratia_ in the Roman rite follows the anointing of the Queen; the others are an example of a conflation of consecration prayers; perhaps they were not all actually used, for it is difficult to imagine that so manifest a consecration form as a prayer with a preface should be used after the consecration had already taken place. The forms with which the king is invested with Sword, Ring, Sceptre and Orb, and Crown, are all Roman. The Sword is delivered with the form _Accipe gladium per manus episcoporum_, as in Hittorp’s Ordo Romanus; the Ring with the form _Accipe regiae dignitatis anulum_, as in Hittorp; the Sceptre and Orb together under the form _Accipe virgam virtutis atque aequitatis_ which is used in Hittorp’s and other orders for the delivery of the _Verge_; and the Crown with the form _Accipe coronam regni_, as in Hittorp’s order. After the investitures the king takes the oath again in the direct form of the later Roman rite, _Profiteor et promitto coram Deo_, etc. in Latin and German—another example of conflation. Then the responsory _Desiderium animae_ is sung and the king is enthroned with the _Ita retine_[118]. Here in the coronation rite of Charles V the Archbishop of Mayence delivered a long address of congratulation in German. The coronation of the queen, which was performed by the Archbishops of Mayence and Trier conjointly, follows exactly that of Hittorp’s order. After the Queen’s coronation _Te Deum_ was sung. The rite in the later days[119] hardly varied at all from this. Thus the orders according to which Maximilian I was crowned in 1486, Charles V at Aachen in 1519, Matthias II[120] at Frankfort in 1612, differ only in the slightest details from the order of Rudolf I. The Crown and the imperial vestments with which the Emperor elect was crowned in Germany were those of Charlemagne, which were most carefully preserved. An eye-witness[121] of the coronation of Leopold II at the end of the eighteenth century says that they were still in use, and that the Emperor adapted his coiffure and beard to the style of Charlemagne, and appeared like a man of the seventh (_sic_) century. During the singing of _Te Deum_ Charles V created a number of knights with the sword of Charlemagne, but in later days the creation of knights took place after the service. In England the creation of knights of the Bath took place the day before the coronation. CHAPTER X THE HUNGARIAN RITE