=Q= denotes a _large_ circle or oval, containing, usually within itself, other pattern elements of small dimensions. A circle or ovoid is called _large_ when it occupies a space wider than two average lineations of that finger-pattern in which it occurs. If any doubt exists, by the principle previously mentioned, the figure is referred to =O= as prior to =Q= in alphabetical sequence. =M= and =N= denote figures somewhat resembling mountain peaks, =M= signifying an outline like that of a typical volcanic peak, while =N=, though similar, ends in a rod-like form, as of a flag-staff on a mountain top. Invert either of those typical forms and they can be read as before. A curved cliff-like form, like a wave with a curling crest, may be indicated by the Spanish ñ. =L= and =R= denote loops in which curvatures are apt to occur. =L= is a loop, the axis of which is straight, while =R= is one the axis of which is curved or crooked. Note that if the legs of a loop widen out beyond the parallels, it is no longer a loop, but a bow or a mountain. They may narrow again and yet remain loops till at last they coalesce, when the figure is transformed into a spindle or a battledore (=T, D=; _or_ =K, G=). If the bend is more than that of a right angle, it comes under a new definition, and has some qualities of the whorl or spiral, but is more complex. This need not be entered upon here. =S= and =Z= I have used these two consonants to indicate certain patterns of a sinuous, undulating, or zig-zag type, the sinuous or purely undulating figures coming under =S=, but under =Z= if there is at least one distinct angularity in the pattern. =X= This letter, long familiar to the student of algebra as the symbol of the undetermined, I have reserved for the inclusion of various nondescript and anomalous patterns. Those might become fairly numerous in an extensive register, and in such case there would, no doubt, be found a good basis for fresh sub-classification. =F= and =H= These two aspirates are made to do useful service, not unlike that of vowels, but not of sufficient interest to be noted in a work like this. We have thus, with the use of consonants alone, built up a kind of osseous or skeletal system, and we have now but to add the vowels to make those dry bones speak. Let us now consider this element in the syllabic method. =A= This vowel indicates that the interior of a given loop, whorl, circle, or containing pattern of any kind, is empty or vacant. Dealing here only with the simpler conditions in which combinations of vowels and consonants are found, such a figure will be indexed as _Ra, La, Ta, Da_, as the dominant consonant may require. Such combinations as _ar, al, at, ad_, etc., may occur, but this would lead us into too many intricate ramifications for a work like the present.