Days to Remember: The British Empire in the Great WarBuchan, John
History
Days to Remember: The British Empire in the Great War
Buchan, John
World War, 1914-1918
The forces put at Sir Ian Hamilton’s disposal for the enterprise were
the 29th Division of regulars and Territorials, two divisions from
Australia and New Zealand, the Royal Naval Division, and a French
brigade. Of these troops only the 29th Division had had any experience
in war. Sir Ian Hamilton decided that the only possible landing-places
were the beaches at the south-west end of the Peninsula, and another
beach at Gaba Tepe, some distance up the northern side. His aim was, by
landing at the point, to fight his way to Krithia village, and carry the
Achi Baba ridge, while the Australians from Gaba Tepe could turn the
right wing of the Turkish defence. Once the Achi Baba heights were
captured the Straits would be ours.
The day originally fixed for the attempt was 23rd April. But on the 20th
a storm rose which for forty-eight hours lashed the Ægean. On the 23rd
it abated, and that afternoon the first of the black transports began to
move out of Mudros harbour. Next day the rest of the force followed,
all in wild spirits for this venture into the unknown. They recalled to
one spectator the Athenians departing for the Sicilian expedition, when
the galleys out of sheer light-heartedness raced each other to Ægina.
The morning of Sunday, the 25th, was one of those which delight the
traveller in April in the Ægean. A light mist fills the air before
dawn, but it disappears with the sun, and all day there are clear skies,
still seas, and the fresh, invigorating warmth of spring. At the butt
end of Gallipoli there are five little beaches, originally nameless, but
now for all time to be known by the letters affixed to them on the war
maps of the British Army. Beginning from the left, there is Beach Y,
and, a little south of it, Beach X. Rounding Cape Tekke, we reach Beach
W, where a narrow valley opens between the headlands of Tekke and
Helles. Here there is a broad semicircular stretch of sand. South of
Helles is Beach V, a place of the same configuration as Beach W, but
unpleasantly commanded by the castle and village of Sedd-el-Bahr at its
southern end. Lastly, inside the Straits, on the east side of Morto
Bay, is Beach S, close to the point of Eski Hissarlik. The landing at
Gaba Tepe, on the north side of the peninsula, was entrusted to the
Australian and New Zealand troops; that at the Helles beaches to the
29th Division, with some units of the Naval Division. It was arranged
that simultaneously the French should land on the Asiatic shore at Kum
Kale, to prevent the Turkish batteries from being brought into action
against our men at Beaches V and S.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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