De Canibus Britannicis: Of Englishe DoggesCaius, John
Science
De Canibus Britannicis: Of Englishe Dogges
Caius, John
Dogs -- Early works to 1800
I cal thẽ vniuersally all by the name of English dogges, as well
because England only, as it hath in it English dogs, so it is not
without Scottishe, as also for that wee are more inclined and
delighted with the noble game of hunting, for we Englishmen are
adicted and giuen to that exercise, & painefull pastime of pleasure,
as well for the plenty of fleshe which our Parkes and Forrests doe
foster, as also for the oportunitie and conuenient leasure which we
obtaine, both which, the Scottes want.
[Ex generosis venaticis.] Ergo cum omnis ratio generosæ venationis,
vel in persequendis feris, vel in capiendis avibus finiatur, canum,
quibus hæc aguntur, duo genera sunt: alterum quod feras investiget,
alterum quod aves persequatur.
Wherfore seeing that the whole estate of kindly hunting consisteth
principally,
In these two pointes,
{ In chasing the beast } that is in { hunting }
{ In taking the byrde } { fowleing }
It is necessary and requisite to vnderstand, that there are two
sortes of Dogges by whose meanes, the feates within specifyed are
wrought, and these practyses of actiuitie cunningly and curiously
compassed,
Two kindes of Dogges
{ One which rouseth the beast and continueth the chase,
{ Another which springeth the byrde and bewrayeth flight
by pursuite,
Utraque Latinis uno & communi nomine dici possunt venatica.
Both which kyndes are tearmed of the Latines by one common name that
is, _Canes Venatici_, hunting dogges.
Sed Anglis cum aliud esse videatur feras sectari, aliud aves capere,
ut primum venationem, secundum aucupium nominant, ita canum nomina
volunt esse diversa: ut qui feras lacessunt, venatici; qui aves,
aucupatorii dicerentur.
But because we Englishe men make a difference betweene hunting and
fowleling, for that they are called by these seuerall wordes,
_Venatio_ & _Aucupium_, so they tearme the Dogges whom they vse in
these sundry games by diuers names, as those which serue for the
beast, are called _Venatici_, the other which are vsed for the fowle
are called _Aucupatorij_,
Venaticos rursum divido in quinque genera. Aut enim odoratu, aut visu
fatigant feras, aut pernicitate vincunt, aut odoratu & pernicitate
superant, aut dolo capiunt.
The first kind called _Venatici_ I deuide into fiue sortes.
{ The first in perfect smelling
{ The second in quicke spying
{ The thirde in swiftnesse and quicknesse
{ The fourth in smelling & nymblenesse
{ The fifte in subtiltie and deceitfulnesse,
excelleth.
Of the Dogge called a Harier, in Latine _Leuerarius_.
[Sagax.] Qui odoratu fatigat, & prompta alacritate in venando
utitur, & incredibili ad investigandum sagacitate narium valet:
a qua re nos sagacem hunc appellamus, quem Græci ab investigando
ἰχνευτὴν, à nare ῥινηλάτην dicunt. Huic labra propensa sunt, & aures
ad os usque pendulæ, corporisque media magnitudo.
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