The nickname of “The Child of Fortune” was given to Masséna by Napoleon, after the battle of Rivoli in 1797. Enfants de Dieu. The Camissards called themselves by this title. Engagement. An agreement between Charles I and the two Scottish commissioners at Carisbrooke, in 1647, by which the Scotch agreed to support the king with an armed force, in return for which he undertook to accept the Covenant and establish Presbyterianism. The supporters of this agreement in Scotland were known as Engagers. Englishry, Law of. This arose from an edict of William I, inflicting a heavy fine for the murder of one of his soldiers. It was always assumed that any dead body discovered was that of a Norman, and to escape the fine it was necessary to prove that the corpse was that of an Englishman. This was called “Presentment of Englishry.” Enragés, Club des. The Club of the Duc d’Orléans, Philippe Egalité, circ. 1789. Entail. A system of land tenure, introduced by the statute “De Donis” in 1285, wherein the holder has only a life interest in the land, which passes at his death to his heirs male, and is precluded from alienation, or from any act which may diminish the capital value of the estate. Eperons d’Or, Journée des. _See_ Spurs. Episcopal Ordination Act (Scotland). An Act passed by the Drunken Parliament in 1662, enacting that all holders of livings should be episcopally ordained. It is said that under this act some 350 ministers were deprived of their livings. Equador, Confederação do. A revolutionary society, formed at Pernambuco in 1824, with the object of seceding from the Empire of Brazil and forming a republic. Its leader was Paes de Andrade. The revolt was suppressed in the same year. Era of Good Feeling. The period of Monroe’s presidentship of the United States (1816-1820), during which there was a truce between the two great political parties. Erastians. The followers of Thomas Liebler, known as Erastus, a Swiss theologian (1524-1583). He held that the Church was a civil institution, and subject to the State, and that consequently the Church _per se_ had no right to punish by excommunication or otherwise any offences against the Church, its doctrine or government, such right belonging to the State alone. Eric. Under the Brehon Law in Ireland, the only punishment recognized for all classes of offences, namely a money compensation. Erie Ring. A confederation of speculators who obtained control of the Erie Railway, and, working in with the Tammany Ring in New York, succeeded in amassing large fortunes, at the expense of the shareholders. The various transactions between the two rings were exposed in 1871, and the Erie Ring was ousted from the management of the railway. Escheat. The reversion to the crown of an estate held in vassalage, on the failure of heirs to the vassal. Escuage. _See_ Scutage. Essex Junto.