Diego Collado's Grammar of the Japanese LanguageCollado, Diego
History
Diego Collado's Grammar of the Japanese Language
Collado, Diego
Japanese language -- Grammar
The particle _saie_ alone sometimes forms a conditional; e.g., _Niffon no
xôcocu ni saie caióna coto gozaru fodo ni_ [_Nifon_ ...] (118) 'if in the
small kingdom of Japan things of this kind be found, or exist,' that is to
say 'how much more there will be in a large one,' _coco moto no tocai ni
saie meivacu itasu ióni gozaru fodoni, etc._ (118) 'on the voyage here I
suffered very much, and so ...,' _fito saie côquai suru mono vo iurusu ni
ivan ia, Deus ni voite voia?_ [... _va?_] (118v) 'if one forgives one who
repents, how much more will God,' _core fodo xei vo iruru saie coto
naricanuru ni; ucato xite va, incadeca banji canavǒzo?_ [... _icadeca_ ...]
(119) 'if gathering all one's strength this can be done only with
difficulty, how could it be done if it were done without any strength?,'
_core saie xinicui ni_ 'if this be difficult to do,' _fune de saie ioio
tçuita_ (35 _ni, cachi va nananaca naru mai_ [... _nacanaca naru mai_]
(119v) 'if I arrived by ship with such difficulties, without doubt I could
not have done it on foot.'
_The Potential Verb_[104]
The placing of the particle rǒ[105] after the present or future tense makes
a potential; e.g., _aguru rǒ_ 'he perhaps offers,' _nigueozurǒ_
[_nigueôzurǒ_] 'he will perhaps escape.'
The preterit is made by changing _ta_ to _tçu_ and adding rǒ; e.g., {141}
_aguetçurǒ_ 'he perhaps offered.' But if it is added to the negative
preterit, the _da_ must be changed to _zzu_; e.g., _aguenanzzurǒ_ 'it has
perhaps not been offered, etc.'
The present potential is also formed by adding _arǒzu_ [_mo arǒzu_] or
other future verbs to the infinitive; e.g., _aguru coto mo arǒzu_ or _ague
mo xôzu_ 'he will perhaps offer.'
The preterit is formed by adding this same future to the preterit
infinitive; e.g., _agueta coto mo arǒzu_ 'he perhaps offered.'
The future is _agueô coto mo arǒzu_ 'he will perhaps offer.' The negative
is formed in the same way; e.g., _aguenu_, _aguenanda_, or _aguru mai coto
mo arǒzu_ 'he perhaps does not offer, he perhaps did not offer, or he will
perhaps not offer.' When we wish to say that something is perhaps the case
we use _mono_ instead of _coto_; e.g., _noxenanda mono de arózu_ 'they
perhaps did not place it aboard ship,' _iqi chigǒta mono de arǒzu_ 'they
seem not to have met along the way,' _moreqicoieta mono de gozarǒ ca to
zonzuru_ 'I believe it is perhaps as it has been said.'
To express the meaning 'become' the verb _nari,u_ is added to the adjective
and then conjugated according to the requirements of the adjective taken
adverbally; e.g., _fucǒ naru_ 'it becomes deep,' _varǔ natta_ 'it became
bad.' Also they say _fucǒ aru_ 'it is deep,' and sometimes _fucǒ nai_ 'it
is not deep.' They obtain this same meaning by conjugating _nai_ according
to the tense required by the sentence. They also use _fucǒ nai coto mo
arǒzu_ 'perhaps it will be that this is not deep.' (36
_The Conjugation of Irregular Verbs_[106]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account