(1) Certain schools of the period were necessarily restricted. Thus, only those who were destined for the monastic life were allowed to attend the monastery schools; the almonry schools were confined to those who gained admission to them, and were not open to all who wished to attend; some of the cathedral schools also were open only to specified classes of persons.[175] (2) As the general idea of the period was that each parish was self-sufficing and concerned with its own parishioners only a _free_ school would mean one available for the public generally. Each town regarded every non-burgess of that town as a "foreigner," and freedom of trade was only allowed to townsmen. Each parish had a responsibility for its own poor; the claim to burial in the churchyard was limited to actual parishioners. This same idea passed on to educational matters. Thus, an entry in the York Episcopal Registers of June 1289 states that the schools of Kinoulton were to be open to parishioners only, "all other clerks and strangers whatsoever being kept out and by no means admitted to the school."[176] (3) The term "public" school gradually becomes a substitute for "free" school. Thus, in the "Acte for the due Execution of the Statutes against Jesuits, Seminaries, Preists, Recusants, etc.," there is a specific reference to "publike or free Grammer Schools."[177] (4) The warrant granted in 1446 to Eton College not only provided that it should have a monopoly of teaching grammar within a radius of ten miles, but specifically stated that the school should be open "to all others whatsoever, whencesoever and from whatever parts coming to the said college to learn the same science, in the rudiments of grammar, freely."[178] This extract clearly shows a different attitude from that specified in (2) above. We may consequently regard the institution of "free" grammar schools as marking a stage in the policy of breaking down the barriers which separated parish from parish and township from township. We now proceed to consider a special case to test these various suggestions. A school founded by the citizens at Exeter in the sixteenth century was expressly described in the statutes of the school as a "Free Grammar School." But the same statutes proceed to decree that "one month after Michaelmas yerely ... everyone that is admitted ... shall pay unto the schoolemaister of the said schoole for the tyme beinge as followeth, viz every childe of any ffreeman of the said city sixe pence, every childe of any inhabitant of the said city that is not ffree of the said City Twelve pence, and every Childe of any strangers Two shillinges respectively."[179]