Einstein's Theories of Relativity and Gravitation: A selection of material from the essays submitted in the competition for the Eugene Higgins prize of $5,000Bird, J. Malcolm (James Malcolm)
Philosophy
Einstein's Theories of Relativity and Gravitation: A selection of material from the essays submitted in the competition for the Eugene Higgins prize of $5,000
Bird, J. Malcolm (James Malcolm)
Relativity (Physics)
We are fortified in this assumption by the Michelson-Morley
result and by all other observations bearing directly upon the
matter. Nevertheless, as Mr. Francis says in his essay, we feel
instinctively that space and time are not so constituted as to
make it possible, if I pass you at 100 miles per hour, for the
same light-impulse to pass us both at the same speed $C$.]* [The
implicit assumptions underlying this feeling, be they true or false,
are now so interwoven with the commonly received notions of space and
time that any theory which questions them has all the appearance of
a fantastic and unthinkable thing.]115 [We cannot, however, go back
on our relativity; so when]* [Einstein shows us that an entirely new
set of time and space concepts is necessary to reconcile universe
relativity with this fundamental fact of the absolute constancy of
the observed velocity of light in vacuo,]18 [all that is left for us
to do is to inquire what revisions are necessary, and submit to them.]*
[The conceptual difficulties of the theory arise principally from
attributing to space and time the properties of things. No portion of
space can be compared with another, save by convention; it is things
which we compare. No interval of time can be compared with another,
save by convention. The first has gone when the second becomes
"now".]149 [It is events that we compare, through the intervention
of things. Our measurements are never of space or of time, but only
of the things and the events that occupy space and time. And since
the measurements which we deal with as though they were of space and
of time lie at the foundation of all physical science, while at the
same time themselves constituting, as we have seen, the only reality
of which we are entitled to speak, it is in order to examine with
the utmost care the assumptions underlying them. That there are such
assumptions is clear--the very possibility of making measurements is
itself an assumption, and every technique for carrying them out rests
on an assumption. Let us inquire which of these it is that relativity
asks us to revise.]*
THE MEASUREMENT OF TIME AND SPACE
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