2. Shell craters may be excavated in the open spaces mentioned above in which dummy targets may be placed. 3. Portable Turk's Head may be constructed and placed at such points as may be desired in the trenches or in the open spaces above ground. 4. Dummy targets may be placed where-ever desired. [Illustration:] [Illustration: _TURK'S HEAD._] [Illustration: _Dummies in Trenches._] [Illustration: _Types of Dummies._] TARGETS _Target A._ Consists of a portable gallows having one dummy target. _Target B._ Consists of a portable gallows having two or more dummy targets. _Target C._ Consists of a portable gallows the same as Target A, having a dummy target with the stick protruding to the front to represent the opponent's bayonet. _Target D._ Consists of a dummy target to lie on the ground or rest against the side wall of the trench. _Target E._ Is a Turk's Head. CONSTRUCTION OF GALLOWS The gallows for targets A, B, and C is constructed as shown in the plate. Two standards are made as indicated and joined together by pieces of 2×4 of the desired length at A and B. For Target A this length should be about 6 feet; for Target B at least 5 feet should be allowed for each dummy. Where more than two targets are hung the top cross piece had better be a 4×4 instead of a 2×4. [Illustration: _Plan for Gallows for Dummies._] CONSTRUCTION OF DUMMIES The dummy may consist of a gunny sack filled with straw and packed tightly. It may be an old uniform stuffed with straw. A more elaborate form that tends to hold the bayonet when it is thrust into it may be made as follows: 1. Split a sack along the side and across the end forming a manta. Lay it on the ground. 2. Place a layer of straw about 20 inches wide and nearly the length of the sack, allowing a few inches at the top and bottom for folding over. Now place a layer of good stiff sod on the straw. Follow this with another layer of straw. Follow this of sod and straw until the dummy is 8 or 10 inches thick. Then put a one-quarter board with the grain up and down on top of the whole. 3. Fold in the sides and top tight and sew them together with a strong twine and a baling needle. 4. Run a strong rope around the outside edges, turning it at each corner to make a loop by which the dummy may be hanged to the gallows. For those dummies that are to sit on the ground a piece of 2-inch plank placed across the bottom before the sacking is folded and sewed will form a good base. On these the rope will be omitted. CONSTRUCTION OF "TURK'S HEAD" On the end of a pole about six feet long place a ball of straw about 9 inches in diameter, packed tightly in gunny sacking. Sharpen the other end of the pole so that it may be stuck in the ground. CONSTRUCTION OF PARRYING DUMMY TARGET