English Surnames: Their Sources and SignificationsBardsley, Charles Wareing Endell
History
English Surnames: Their Sources and Significations
Bardsley, Charles Wareing Endell
Names, English; Names, Personal -- English
and sacred names went together, and in the same family might be seen
‘John’ and ‘Ralph,’ ‘Isaac’ and ‘Robert,’ ‘Reuben’ and ‘Richard.’ But
a new spirit was being infused into the heart of the nation, that
spirit which at length brought about the Puritan Commonwealth. We all
know how this great change came. It is neither our intention, nor need
we enter into it here. Sufficient for our purpose that it came. This
revolution marvellously affected our nomenclature. It was not simply
that the old and, so to speak, pagan names ‘William,’ ‘Roland,’
‘Edward,’ ‘Ralph,’ ‘Aymon,’ and a hundred others, once household
words, were condemned to oblivion, but even the names of the Christian
saints were ignored. ‘Cromwell,’ says Cleveland, ‘hath beat up his
drums clean through the Old Testament—you may know the genealogy of
our Saviour by the names of his regiment. The muster master hath no
other list than the first chapter of St. Matthew.’ The Old Testament,
indeed, seems to have been alone in favour.[94] The practice of
choosing such designations borrowed therefrom as ‘Enoch,’ ‘Hiram,’
‘Seth,’ ‘Phineas,’ ‘Eli,’ ‘Obadiah,’ ‘Job,’ ‘Joel,’ ‘Hezekiah,’
‘Habbakuk,’ ‘Caleb,’ ‘Zeruiah,’ ‘Joshua,’ ‘Hephzibah,’ or
‘Zerubbabel,’ has left its mark to this very day, especially in our
more retired country districts. Self-abasement showed itself, at least
externally, in the choice of names of bad repute. ‘Cains,’ ‘Absoloms,’
‘Abners,’ ‘Delilahs,’ ‘Dinahs,’ ‘Tamars,’ ‘Korahs,’ ‘Abirams,’ and
‘Sapphiras,’[95] abounded. Nor was this all. Of all excesses those of
a religious character are proverbially most intemperate in their
course. Abstract qualities, prominent words of Scriptures, nay, even
short and familiar sentences culled from its pages, or parodied, were
tacked on to represent the Christian name. Camden mentions, as
existing in his own day, such appellations as ‘Free-gift,’
‘Reformation,’ ‘Earth,’ ‘Dust,’ ‘Ashes,’ ‘Delivery,’ ‘Morefruit,’
‘Tribulation,’ ‘The Lord is near,’ ‘More trial,’ ‘Discipline,’ ‘Joy
again,’ ‘From above’—names which, he says, ‘have lately been given by
some to their children, with no evil meaning, but upon some singular
and precise conceit.’ ‘Praise-God-Barebones’ is but another specimen
of this extraordinary spirit. The brother of this latter could boast a
still longer sobriquet. He had chosen for himself, it is said, the
title, ‘If-Christ-had-not-died-for-you-you-had-been-damned-Barebones,’
but his acquaintances becoming wearied of its length, retained only
the last word, and as ‘Damned-Barebones’ left him a sobriquet more
curt than pleasant. The following is a list of a jury said to have
been enclosed in the county of Sussex at this time, and selected of
course from the number of the Saints:—
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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