Facts About Champagne and Other Sparkling WinesVizetelly, Henry
History
Facts About Champagne and Other Sparkling Wines
Vizetelly, Henry
Champagne (Wine); Sparkling wines; Wine and wine making
The establishment of Messrs. G. H. Mumm and Co., in the Rue Andrieux, is
of comparatively modern construction. A large _porte-cochère_ conducts
to a spacious courtyard, bordered with sheds, beneath which huge stacks
of new bottles are piled and having a pleasant garden lying beyond. On
the left is a large vaulted cellier, where the operations of disgorging,
liqueuring, and corking the wine are performed, and which communicates
with the vast adjoining packing department. From this cellier entrance
is gained to the cellars beneath, containing a million bottles of _vin
brut_ in various stages of development. This forms, however, merely a
portion of the firm’s stock, they having another three millions of
bottles stored in the cellars of their establishment in the Rue
Coquebert, where a scene of great animation presented itself at the time
of our visit, several scores of women being engaged in washing bottles
for the _tirage_, which, although it was early in May, had already
commenced. The bottles, filled with water, and containing a certain
quantity of glass beads in lieu of the customary shot, which frequently
leave minute particles of lead--deleterious alike to health and the
flavour of the wine--adhering to the inside surface of the glass, are
placed horizontally in a frame, and by means of four turns of a handle
are made to perform sixty-four rapid revolutions. The beads are then
transferred to other bottles, which are subjected in their turn to the
same revolving process.
The _cuvée_, commonly composed of from two to three thousand casks of
wine from various vineyards, with a due proportion of high-class
vintages, is made in a vat holding 4,400 gallons. The _tirage_ or
bottling is effected by means of two large tuns placed side by side, and
holding twelve hogsheads of wine each. Pipes from these tuns communicate
with a couple of small reservoirs, each of them provided with
half-a-dozen self-acting syphon taps, by means of which a like number of
bottles are simultaneously filled. Only one set of these taps are set
running at a time, as while the wine is being drawn off from one tun the
other is being refilled from the casks containing the _cuvée_ by means
of a pump and leathern hose, which empties a cask in little more than a
couple of minutes. Three gangs of eight men each can fill, cork, and
secure with _agrafes_ from 35,000 to 40,000 bottles during the day. The
labour is performed partly by men regularly employed by the house and
partly by hands engaged for the purpose, who work, however, under the
constant inspection of overseers appointed by the firm.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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