Fetichism in West Africa : $b forty years' observation of native customs and superstitionsNassau, Robert Hamill
Philosophy
Fetichism in West Africa : $b forty years' observation of native customs and superstitions
Nassau, Robert Hamill
Ethnology -- Africa, West; Fetishism -- Africa, West
While the ombwiri is indeed feared, it is with a respectful reverence,
different from the dread of an ibambo. Ombwiri is fine and admirable in
aspect, but is very rarely seen; it is white, like a white person. Souls
of distinguished chiefs and other great men turn to awiri. The fear with
which the native regards massive rocks and large trees--the ombwiri
homes--need not be felt by white people, who are themselves considered
awiri, without its being clearly understood whether their bodies are
inhabited by the departed spirits of the Negro dead, or whether some came
from other sources.
The awiri are generally favorably disposed, especially to their former
human relatives; but it is necessary to gratify them with religious
services constituting an ancestral worship. While some of them reside in
great rocks or trees, others dwell in rivers, lakes, and seas.
Awiri, if they love a person and desire to favor him or her, have the
special power to grant a gift desired by most Africans, _viz._, the birth
of children. The awiri live mostly in the region of their own former human
tribe. It is possible, however, for them to go everywhere; but they
usually remain within their old tribal limits. If, however, a tribe should
remove or become extinct, their awiri would still remain in that region,
and would affiliate with the new people who might come to occupy the
deserted village sites.
Awiri have a period of inactivity, the cold dry season of four months (in
western Equatorial Africa), May to September. At that time they become
very small, inactive, and almost lifeless (a condition of hibernation,
somewhat like that of bears; or of inertia, as when a snake casts its
skin?).
4. There is another class of spirits called _Sinkinda_ (singular,
"nkinda"), some of whom are the spirits of people who in the ordinary
stations of life were "common," or not distinguished for greatness or
goodness. Others of these sinkinda are of uncertain origin, perhaps demons
whom Njambi had created, but to whom He had never given bodily existence.
Almost all sinkinda are evilly disposed. They come to the villages on
visits to warm themselves by the kitchen fires or out of curiosity to see
what is going on, and sometimes, temporarily, to enter into the bodies of
the living, especially of their own family. The entrance of a nkinda into
a human body always sickens the person. It may enter any one, even a
child. If many of them enter a man's body, he becomes crazy.
Sometimes the nkinda, when asked who he is, says: "I am a spirit of a
member of your own family, and I have come to live with you. I am tired of
living in the forest with cold and hunger. I wish to stay with you."
Often when people are sick with fever or cold, the diagnosis is made that
some nkinda has come on a visit. If it is of the same family as those whom
it is visiting, it comes and goes from time to time, to please itself; but
it is never, like an uvengwa, visible.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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