Flowers of the SkyProctor, Richard A. (Richard Anthony)
Science
Flowers of the Sky
Proctor, Richard A. (Richard Anthony)
Astronomy
In particular, it has always seemed to me that the curved, especially
the doubly curved, streamers of the corona can only be well explained
by regarding the corona as in the main an auroral phenomenon. If mighty
currents prevailed in the higher regions of a rare atmosphere, extending
hundreds of thousands of miles from the sun's surface, appearances such
as these curved streamers would undoubtedly be explained. But no one who
considers the effect of the sun's tremendous attractive power on such an
atmosphere can fail to perceive that, according to the known laws
connecting gaseous pressure and density, the density of that atmosphere
would be enormously great, even at a very great distance from the sun's
surface, if the curved streamers really were caused by atmospheric
currents. We know, on the contrary, from the behaviour of comets which
have passed very near to the sun, that the atmosphere above his visible
surface must be very rare indeed.
It must not be understood, however, that I regard the corona as simply a
great solar aurora. It is certain that the whole region filled by the
corona is occupied by immense numbers of scattered meteors, and
extremely probable that large quantities of cometic matter exist within
the same region. Vaporous masses may also be there, circling
independently around the sun. But that this region is illuminated
constantly by auroral light, varying greatly in intensity and position,
seems very strongly indicated by all that we know about the corona, as
seen during different total eclipses of the sun.
If we so viewed the solar corona, and found our earth, therefore, in
this respect resembling the great central orb of the solar system, we
could not but regard as extremely probable the theory that other planets
also resemble the central body in this respect. We might then picture to
ourselves every orb in the solar system carrying onward its faintly
luminous crowns of boreal and austral light, not shining with constant
lustre, or in the same constant position, but at one time leaping in
coloured steamers to a great distance from the body they adorned, and
anon sinking down and growing fainter and fainter, or occasionally
disappearing altogether. Then, when some great disturbance affected the
central sun, and caused _his_ auroral banners to shine out more
brilliantly and to attain a greater extension, suddenly the auroral
streamers of all the planets would leap out into new light and life,
playing around the northern and southern magnetic poles of those orbs,
even as electric brushes play around the positive and negative
electrodes of a Geissler's tube. "Suddenly" at least so far as each
planet is concerned, but not suddenly throughout the whole system. For
the magnetic influences, like the light and heat of the sun, require
time for their transmission. Yet, so rapidly do they travel that, in a
few hours, the auroral illumination would extend from the central sun to
the outermost limits of his system.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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