You must notice a curious thing about the seed-vessel of this plant.
Only the top of it rises in the middle of the stamens. But if you look
at the back of the flower, you see a small green swelling at the end of
the stalk, and the sepals and petals and the stamens stand in a ring
round the top of this swelling. This is the seed-vessel, and in autumn,
after the flower is withered, it will grow into a round red berry, which
is called a hip.
The sepals of the rose are very pretty. They are cut up into many points
like small leaves, and after the flower is withered these points fold
right back and cover the green berry. Later on they dry up and fall off,
leaving the berry bare.
The rose leaves are too well known to need any description. Notice the
two narrow green leaves, like wings, which grow at the foot of the
leaf-stalk, clasping the main stem.
The Dog Rose is very thorny. There are large hooks all over the main
stem, as well as close to the flower, and these hooks are often coloured
a bright crimson.
2. BURNET ROSE
The Burnet Rose is different in several ways from the Dog Rose. It grows
in early summer on sandy sea shores and on heaths, but not in the
hedges, and the flowers are usually white.
It is a much smaller plant than the Dog Rose. Its leaves grow closely
crowded together in a small, low bush, and there are no long shoots
running out from the plant.
The main stem of the Burnet Rose is a bright pink colour, and instead of
having big hooks here and there it is covered from top to bottom with
fine sharp prickles of all sizes.
The green sepals are pointed, but they are not cut up into leafy tips as
in the Dog Rose. Neither do they fold back over the seed-vessel after
the flower is withered, but remain standing straight up at the top of
the berry.
The seed-vessel of this rose is rounder than the hip of the Dog Rose.
When ripe it is a dark purple colour which is almost black.
The leaves are made up of leaflets which grow in pairs opposite each
other on a leaf stalk, and there is always an odd leaflet at the end of
the stalk. They are small, nearly oval, and the edges are cut all round
into fine teeth.
3. LOUSEWORT, OR RED RATTLE
This bright plant is common all over the country. It grows in wet
places, such as bogs and damp fields, and it is in flower from spring to
autumn.
The Lousewort is a small plant and does not rise very far above the
ground. The flowers are bright pink, and they grow singly at intervals
up the main stem. The flowers are curiously shaped. The lower part is
round, like a narrow pink tube, but at the mouth this pink tube becomes
much wider and is divided in two. One half rises straight up and then
bends over at the top like a hood.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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