Some people tell us that this is not a British wildflower, but one which
was brought from some other country to grow in our gardens. They say
that the wind and the birds carried away the seeds, and the plant
learned to grow among our other wildflowers. In any case, you find its
handsome flowers adorning chalky banks and cliffs all summer and autumn.
Like the Rest Harrow it is a relation of the Pea family, but its flowers
grow quite differently.
In colour they are not such a clear pink. The two petals which hide the
stamens are almost purple, and the side wings are so tiny, at first you
scarcely notice them.
The flowers grow close together in the shape of a cone; you find twelve
or more open flowers with no leaves among them, crowded together near
the upper end of a long flower-stalk, and at the top of this
flower-stalk there is always a bunch of buds.
The calyx is a green cup with five sharp teeth round the mouth, and it
is covered with woolly hairs.
The leaves of the Saintfoin are long and narrow, and the edges are quite
smooth. Each leaf is made up of from eight to twelve pairs of leaflets
growing opposite each other on a leaf-stalk, and there is always a
solitary leaflet growing at the end of the stalk.
3. RED CLOVER
The Red Clover is as well known as the Buttercup. It grows all summer in
every hayfield. Sometimes the flowers are large and showy, and sometimes
they are quite small.
The Red Clover is a member of the Pea family, though at first you may
not think that the flowers are at all like those of the Broom or the
Rest Harrow. These flowers grow in a round head, thirty or forty of them
close together at the end of the flower-stalk.
If you pull a single flower apart from the others and separate the
petals, you will see that they are shaped in the same way as those of
the other Pea plants.
You find one large standard petal which stands erect, rather a long,
narrow petal in this plant. Then there are two side petals for the
'wings,' and two front petals joined together so as to form a tiny boat,
and in this boat the stamens and seed-vessel are hidden.
These petals are a pale pinky-red, and each flower is set in a green
calyx-cup edged with five long teeth.
The leaves of the Red Clover are 'Trefoils'; that means that they grow
in groups of three. Each group has a short stalk, and there are curious
yellow markings in the centre of each oval leaf. The edges are smooth,
and the leaves are covered with fine downy hairs.
PLATE XL: 1. DOG ROSE 2. BURNET ROSE 3. LOUSEWORT OR RED RATTLE
1. DOG ROSE
There are a great many wild roses, pink, white, and crimson, but the
pink Dog Rose is the commonest. Every one has gathered it in the sunny
June days.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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