frond of _Lyginopteris_. As Prof. Weiss[137] points out, the accurate determination of small pieces of petrified pinnules is exceedingly difficult and without more decisive evidence we are hardly justified in asserting that the sporangia figured by Chodat and Scott and that shown in fig. 407 belong to the genus _Lyginopteris_. Although the available data appear to favour the view generally held that Kidston’s conclusion is correct additional evidence would be welcome. [Illustration: Fig. 407. A, B. _Crossotheca Hoeninghausi._ C. Pinnule with a sporangium, _s_. (A, Kidston Coll. 1277; B, after Kidston; C, Camb. Botany School, 508.)] _Telangium._ Reference was made in vol. +ii.+[138] to the genus _Telangium_ instituted by Dr Benson for some petrified sporangia from the Coal Measures regarded by her as the microsporangia of a Pteridosperm, probably _Lyginopteris_. The sporangia of _Telangium_ are similar to those of _Crossotheca_. Scott points out that they are borne on a flat disc or lamina ‘quite comparable to a fertile pinna of _Crossotheca_[139],’ and he concludes that these sporangia are not generically distinct from the impressions on which the genus _Crossotheca_ was founded. Kidston[140] regards _Telangium Scotti_, Benson, as the microsporangium of a Pteridosperm though not of _Lyginopteris_, on the ground that the microsporangia described by Miss Benson are not attached to a limb and that they have a single loculus in place of the double loculus (fig. 407, A) of _Crossotheca_. The presence of a limb in _Telangium_ recognised by Scott removes one of these distinguishing features. There are, however, no adequate reasons for regarding _Telangium Scotti_ as specifically identical with _Crossotheca Hoeninghausi_. The synangium of _Telangium Scotti_, 5 mm. in length, consists of 6–12 sporangia united basally and opening when ripe by longitudinal dehiscence. Fig. 493, E, shows eight sporangia of a synangium in transverse section: the two sporangia at the lower end of the section are less distinct than the others, some are full of spores and others have shed their contents by the splitting of the thin inner walls of the loculi. The sporangial walls are composed of an outer layer of large cells with dark contents succeeded by 2–3 layers of smaller and crushed cells. The spores, 5–6 µ × 3·5–4 µ in diameter, have a reticulately sculptured exine: Dr Benson[141] states that they agree closely with pollen-grains found in the pollen-chamber of _Lagenostoma ovoides_ except in their slightly smaller size; she notes the association of _Telangium_ with fragments of the vegetative organs of _Lyginopteris_ and draws attention to resemblances in the structure of the tissues; but the most interesting comparison, at least in an academic sense, is with the seed _Lagenostoma_, the integumented megasporangium of _Lyginopteris_. Dr Benson points out that a transverse section of a _Lagenostoma_ in the plane of the canopy,