Prof. Lignier[175] has recently described some large megasporangia from the Westphalian Coalfield of Ostrau in Austrian Silesia which he made the type of a new genus _Mittagia_, after Herr Mittag, Director of Mines. Two sporangia, between 2 and 3 mm. in diameter, were found in close association as though belonging to a single sorus; one was empty and the other contained four megaspores. The structure of the thick wall of the sporangia is very similar to that of the testa of _Lagenostoma Lomaxi_, but it apparently split into two valves. Lignier refers the new type, _Mittagia seminiformis_, to some unknown Palaeozoic group of heterosporous Filicineae, possibly the ancestral stock of the Pteridosperms, and he thinks it probable that the sporangia resembled seeds in their facilities for dispersal. In the structure of the sporangial wall _Mittagia_ also resembles the sporocarp of _Pilularia_. _Seeds presented as impressions, without internal structure, superficially resembling Lagenostoma._ _Lagenospermum_ Nathorst. This generic name is adopted for seeds represented by casts or impressions agreeing in external features with _Lagenostoma_ but which on the available evidence cannot be confidently assigned to that genus[176]. Two types of seed were described by Arber[177] from the Lower Coal Measures of Scotland as _Lagenostoma Kidstoni_ and _L. Sinclairi_: the former has been removed by Oliver[178] to _Physostoma_ and both are included by Arber[179] in a recent paper in the genus _Radiospermum_. This new generic term is proposed by Arber for a number of small sub-cylindrical seeds founded on impressions including ‘small seeds which, when the structure is preserved, are known as _Lagenostoma_, _Physostoma_, and _Conostoma_.’ The question of nomenclature is invariably raised by cases in which impressions resemble in their superficial characters genera founded on anatomical characters: the seeds originally referred to _Lagenostoma Sinclairi_ afford a good example of this difficulty. Nathorst has recently proposed the generic name _Lagenospermum_ as preferable to _Lagenostoma_ and _Radiospermum_ in the case of _Lagenostoma Sinclairi_ and similar seeds which afford no proof of the possession of such morphological characters as would justify their inclusion in the genus _Lagenostoma_ but which may be examples of that genus. As Nathorst points out, the adoption of _Radiospermum_ for _L. Sinclairi_ is inadvisable on the ground that it is also applied to seeds of a different type. The type-species of _Lagenospermum_ is _L. Sinclairi_ and Nathorst describes additional species from Lower Carboniferous rocks in Spitzbergen. _Lagenospermum Sinclairi_ (Arber ex Kidston +MS.+).