Severely simple as is the monogram of Napoleon III., it is ingenious, and not without a certain air of grandeur, whilst the badge of the empress, though still preserving an imperial character, is more graceful and ornamental, as was appropriate to its owner, who was considered one of the most beautiful women of her time. [Illustration: CIPHER ON BINDINGS OF NAPOLEON III.] These two stamps were principally used on the bindings of books which were either presented or dedicated to the emperor and empress, and the volumes on which they are found certainly belonged to their private library. A characteristic example of the formal heraldic book-plate in vogue during the Second Empire is that of Amédée David, Marquis de Pastoret, a politician and littérateur, who was born in 1791, and died on May 19, 1857. His war cry, “France! France!” recalls the fact, little to his credit, that he was one of the first to applaud the _Coup d’Etat_ of Napoleon III. and to profit by it. (See p. 144.) [Illustration: CIPHER ON BINDINGS OF THE EMPRESS EUGÉNIE.] He was the son of M. Pastoret, a senator and member of the Institute of France, created a Count of the Empire by the first Napoleon, with a grant of arms thus described in the _Armorial Général de l’Empire Français_: “D’or à la bande de gueules chargée d’un berger paissant un mouton d’argent.” This Count of the First Empire became a Peer of France under the Restoration, and figures as a brilliant instance of a successful turncoat in the _Dictionnaire des Girouettes_. [Illustration: BOOK-PLATE OF LE COMTE DE GRANCEY.] On page 143 is the modern armorial of the Comte Lanjuinais, probably that of the son of the first Comte Lanjuinais, who started in politics as a member of the National Convention, swore fidelity to the Republic and death to the King. This did not prevent him from accepting the title of Count of the Empire from Napoleon, who also named him a knight commander in the Légion d’Honneur. On the return of Louis XVIII. he was named a Peer of France, but he again espoused the cause of Napoleon on his escape from Elba, whilst on the downfall of the Empire for the second time he obtained another appointment by the grace of the king. His name and fame are immortalized in the “Dictionary of Turncoats.” [Illustration: BOOK-PLATE OF THE DUC DE MOUCHY.] The Comte de Beugnot was a Councillor of State, and Officer of the Légion d’Honneur under Napoleon I., and he also served under Louis XVIII. The Vicomte, his son, on his modern book-plate (see p. 142) carries quarterly first and fourth, the Beugnot arms, “argent, au chevron d’or, accompagne de trois grappes de raisin de gueules.” [Illustration: BOOK-PLATE OF MONSIEUR BERRYER.] Monsieur Pierre Antoine Berryer was the most famous advocate at the French bar during the Empire, his defence of the Count Montalembert in 1858 created some sensation at the time. He was elected a member of the Académie Française in 1855, and of the Corps Legislatif in 1863.