1883. MARSHALL, W., "Einige vorläutige Bemerkungen über die Gemmulä der Süsswasserschwämme," Zool. Anz. vi, pp. 630-634, 648-652. 1884. CARTER, "The branched and unbranched forms of the Freshwater Sponges considered generally," Ann. Nat. Hist. (5) xiii, pp. 269-273. 1884. MARSHALL, W., "Vorläutige Bemerkungen über die Fortpflanzungsverhältnisse von _Spongilla lacustris_," Ber. Naturf. Ges. Leipzig,* pp. 22-29. 1884. POTTS, "Freshwater Sponges as improbable causes of the pollution of river-water," P. Ac. Philad. pp. 28-30. 1885. SCHULZE, F. E., "Über das Verhältniss der Spongien zu den Choanoflagellaten," SB. preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, pp. 179-191. 1886. GOETTE, Untersuchungen zur Entwickelungsgeschichte von _Spongilla fluviatilis_*, Hamburg und Leipzig (5 plates). 1886. WIERZEJSKI, "Le développement des Gemmules des Eponges d'eau douce d'Europe," Arch. Slaves Biologie, i, pp. 26-47 (1 plate). 1887. CARTER, "On the reproductive elements of the _Spongida_," Ann. Nat. Hist. (5) xix, pp. 350-360. 1889. MAAS, "Zur Metamorphose der Spongillalarve," Zool. Anz. xii, pp. 483-487. 1890. MAAS, "Ueber die Entwickelung des Süsswasserschwämmes," Zeitschr. Wiss. Zool. 1, pp. 527-554, pls. xxii, xxiii. 1890. WEBER, M. et Mme. A., "Quelques nouveau cas de Symbiose," Zool. Ergebn. einer Reise Niederländ. Ost-Indien, i, pp. 48-72, pl. v. 1892. ZYKOFF, "Die Entwicklung der Gemmulä der _Ephydatia fluviatilis_ auct.," Zool. Anz. xv, pp. 95-96. 1892. ZYKOFF, "Die Bildung der Gemmulä bei _Ephydatia Fluviatilis_," Revue Sc. Nat. Soc. St. Pétersbourg,* pp. 342-344. 1892. ZYKOFF, "Die Entwicklung der Gemmulä bei _Ephydatia fluviatilis_ auct.," Bull. Soc. Imp. Natur. Moscou, n. s. vi, pp. 1-16, pl. i, ii. 1892. ZYKOFF, "Entwickelungsgeschichte von _Ephydatia mülleri_, Liebk. aus den Gemmulæ," Biol. Centralbl. xii, pp. 713-716. 1893. WELTNER, "Spongillidenstudien, II," Arch. Naturg. Berlin, lix (1), pp. 245-282, pls. viii, ix. 1899. EVANS, R., "The structure and metamorphosis of the larva of _Spongilla lacustris_," Q. J. Micr. Sci. xlii, pp. 363-476, pls. xxxv-xli. 1901. EVANS, R., "A description of _Ephydatia blembingia_, with an account of the formation and structure of the gemmule," Q. J. Micr. Sci. xliv, pp. 71-109, pls. i-iv. 1907. WELTNER, "Spongillideustudien, V.: Zur Biologie von _Ephydatia fluviatilis_ and die Bedeutung der Amöbocyten für die Spongilliden," Arch. Naturg. Berlin, lxxiii (i), pp. 273-286. 1907. ANNANDALE, "The buds of _Spongilla proliferens_, Annand.," Rec. Ind. Mus. i, pp. 267, 268. 1907. ANNANDALE, "Embryos of _Ephydatia blembingia_, Evans," _ibid._ p. 269. 1907. ANNANDALE, "The nature of the pores in _Spongilla_," _ibid._ pp. 270-271. (c) _Descriptions of Asiatic Species[V] and of Animals associated with them._ [Footnote V: Descriptions of Siberian sponges are not included in these references.]