And, in the opinion of Grecian philosophers, the state was everything, the individual nothing. In their judgment, the government should not permit any individual to waste his power and energy, nor should he be allowed to misdirect it. They insisted the law must first devise the model of a perfect citizen; and then, by a system of discipline, mould, or rather distort, into agreement therewith, the character of every citizen. The powers of state, therefore, should embrace individual life in its entirety; from infancy to mature age, “in all conditions and relations, whether domestic, religious, social, industrial or political.” Such teachings had their illustration in the administration of Greek governments. In Sparta, for example, under the reign of Lycurgus, the citizen belonged to the state, rather than to the family. The individual Athenian did not have a right the Archons were “bound to respect.” Draco punished even laziness with death, and Solon prohibited costly sacrifices at funerals. In Greece, Lycurgus seems to have been the first legislator against luxury. He enacted, for example, that no Spartan should own a house, or household article, which had been made with a finer implement than an axe or a saw; and that no cook should use any other spice than salt and vinegar. Our authorities are Ephorus and Diogenes Laertius. The sumptuary prohibitions of Solon, according to Plutarch, were aimed at the female passion for dress, as well as the pomp of funerals. He likewise placed surveillance over the luxury of banquets. The Dorian races were disposed to austere and rigid habits of life. A Laconian could not lawfully attend a drinking entertainment. In Lacedæmonia, frugality and simplicity were the object of the pheiditia. Gold and silver were interdicted, and their legislation permitted the use of iron money alone. In Magna Græcia, the Pythagoreans encouraged the sumptuary policy. Zaleucus, the Locrian legislator, enacted that no woman should appear in public wearing gold ornaments, or embroidered apparel, unless her designs were unchaste.