The moth itself (Fig. 12c) is a small one, measuring about a quarter of an inch with the wings closed. In this position the insect is wedge-shaped and conspicuous. Against the general greyish-brown colour is a dark brownish area on each side. The eggs are laid on the tomato leaves, in which the young caterpillars tunnel as they work toward the leaf petioles, down which they burrow into the main stems. In the damaged stems, pupation takes place. Under favourable conditions, this insect may pass through at least three generations during the season. Control depends upon sanitation and the use of arsenate of lead sprays. All infested stems, together with plants after the crop has been removed, should be burned; as the insect is known to attack potato plants and tubers, care should be taken to destroy all potato tops after harvesting. Frequent applications of arsenate of lead are essential to protect the tomato plants, especially during the earlier part of the season. When on this subject, mention should be made of the potato-tuber moth (_Phthorimæa operculella_), which is somewhat similar to the tomato-stem borer, both in appearance and habits. The larva of this insect is best known from its habit of boring through potato-tubers; these burrows become filled by a fungus after the larvæ have vacated them. The adult potato-tuber moth is a night-flyer, and lays its eggs upon the leaves of the plants; the larvæ burrow down the stems, and may even reach the tuber below ground. When seed is not properly buried, the moth will also lay its eggs in the “eyes,” and so directly infest the tuber; this danger applies also to potatoes in store or in bags. In the control of the potato-tuber moth, the following points should be noted:--Select only sound seed and cover well when planted. On harvesting the crop, do not leave the bagged potatoes standing in the field overnight, as they are exposed to infestation; neither cover the open bags with the potato-tops, as is commonly done, since this will attract the moths. Destroy all tops immediately after harvesting. Dusting potatoes in store with slaked lime will tend to act as a protection against the moth. [Illustration: FIGURE 12. A--1, Codlin moth; 2, codlin larva in apple. B--1, Currant clear-wing moth; 2, clear-wing moth larva in stem. C--1, Tomato stem-borer moth; 2, larva of moth; 3, damaged tomato stem. D--1, A long-horn beetle; 2, larva of long-horn beetle. E--1, A leaf-mining fly; 2, leaf attacked by leaf-miner. F--1, Subterranean grass-caterpillar moth; 2, subterranean grass-caterpillar. G--1, A click beetle; 2, a wire-worm. H--1, Larger narcissus fly; 2, smaller narcissus fly. K--1, A subterranean spring-tail; 2, a leaf-eating spring-tail.]