General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 2 (of 3)Bichat, Xavier
Science
General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 2 (of 3)
Bichat, Xavier
Human anatomy; Human physiology
under that of the organic sensibility and tone of the capillaries,
it is evident that these fluids are independent of the quantity of
blood contained in the great vessels and moved by the heart; that the
alterations of the vital forces of the part are the sole causes of the
different phenomena that their course exhibits.
Who does not know that feeble and delicate temperaments are often
subject in women to a much more copious menstruation than those that
are stronger, more vigorous, more sanguineous, as it is called? You
will find many results in authors, upon the quantity of blood evacuated
by the catamenia, and you will observe at the same time that these
results do not resemble each other; why? because each womb has, if you
may so say, its own temperament, which oftentimes does not correspond
with the general temperament, because each is disposed consequently to
a different kind of vitality. There is more or less blood then given
at each menstruation, as it is given for a greater or less time, for
some women have at first only a serous fluid, while others have blood
immediately. I cannot repeat it too much, that every vital phenomenon
is necessarily subjected to many irregularities, which arise from those
to which the vital forces are themselves exposed. On the contrary,
every physical phenomenon is almost immutable, because it is the nature
of physical laws to remain always the same.
Hence we see how hemorrhages of the great arteries, which are under
the immediate influence of the heart, should differ essentially from
those of the capillary system and of the exhalants, whose phenomena
are under the influence of the forces of the part where they happen,
whether they arise from rupture or exhalation. Though in fact these two
classes may be essentially different in their principal phenomena, as I
have already said, yet they approximate, because the modifications of
the vital forces of the part have a necessary influence upon them when
they are in the capillary system. Thus astringents, tonics, styptics
and other medicines which evidently act upon the organic sensibility
and the insensible contractility, frequently stop hemorrhages of the
capillary system. The contact of the air, by modifying these properties
in wounds is even sufficient to produce this effect. On the contrary,
ligatures alone can, in the great vessels, resist the powerful
influence of the heart. All styptics imaginable may be heaped upon an
open artery, and they would not check the effect of this influence.
This then is the essential difference between the hemorrhages of the
capillaries and exhalants, and those of the arteries, that every
medicine which acts upon the organic sensibility and tone, can be
advantageously employed for the first, whereas they have no effect upon
the second. I go now to the sanguineous exhalations which are made by
the recrementitious exhalants.
_Hemorrhages of the Recrementitious Exhalants._
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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