When the morning came he rose and went to the justices, and told
them that he and his house had been plagued for my sake. One of the
justices replied (as he reported to me) that the plagues were upon
them, too, for keeping me. This was Justice Bennet, of Derby, who was
the first that called us Quakers, because I bade them tremble at the
word of the Lord.[42] This was in the year 1650.
[42] This is the whole of our data for the origin of the name
"Quaker." Fox told the Justice to tremble at the word of the
Lord, and the Justice thereupon fixed the name "quaker" upon him.
There is probably, however, something back of this particular
incident which helped give the name significance. The editors of
the New English Dictionary (see the word Quaker) have discovered
the fact that this name for a religious sect was not entirely
new at this time. Letter No. 2,624 of the Clarendon collection,
written in 1647, speaks of a sect from the continent possessed
of a remarkable capacity for trembling or quaking: "I heare of a
sect of woemen (they are at Southworke) come from beyond the Sea,
called quakers, and these swell, shiver and shake, and when they
come to themselves (for in all this fitt Mahomett's holy-ghost
hath bin conversing with them) they begin to preach what hath
been delivered to them by the Spirit." It seems probable that
Justice Bennet merely employed a term of reproach already
familiar. It is, further, evident that the Friends themselves
were sometimes given to trembling, and that the name came into
general use because it fitted. (See Sewel's "History of the
People Called Quakers," Vol. I., p. 63. Philadelphia, 1823.) The
name first appears in the records of Parliament, in the Journals
of the House of Commons, in 1654.
After this the justices gave leave that I should have liberty to walk
a mile. I perceived their end, and told the jailer, that if they
would set down to me how far a mile was, I might take the liberty of
walking it sometimes. For I had a sense that they thought I would
go away. And the jailer confessed afterwards they did it with that
intent, to have me go away, to ease them of their plague; but I told
him I was not of that spirit.
While I was in the house of correction my relations came to see me;
and, being troubled for my imprisonment, they went to the justices
that cast me into prison and desired to have me home with them,
offering to be bound in one hundred pounds, and others of Derby in
fifty pounds apiece with them, that I should come no more thither to
declare against the priests.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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