In justification of these strictures, may I cite some opinions as to the frequency of gout in the United States. In 1890, Sir Dyce Duckworth affirmed that in America gout was “practically unknown.” But a few years later, we find Sir William Osier convinced that gout was often _unrecognised_ in the United States. More pertinent still, only twenty years after Duckworth’s affirmation, Luff quoted the statistics of the Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, from which it appeared that during a period of fourteen years 0·26 per cent. of the total admissions thereto were examples of gout. This he contrasts with the number of cases of gout admitted to St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, London, during a similar period. _Mirabile dictu_, the percentage was only 0·37, but a third more than that of the Johns Hopkins Hospital! Yet again, J. H. Pratt, of Boston, writing in 1916, observes “the greatest confusion exists in the minds of many practitioners in America to-day regarding this disease (gout) and its diagnosis. In some parts of the country the diagnosis is frequently made in conditions that are not gout; in other sections there seems to be a skepticism in the minds of many practitioners regarding the existence of such a disease. In New England I have found that chronic gout, even when tophi occur, is often mistaken for rheumatism or arthritis deformans. Some physicians of large experience assert that they see gout frequently. Enquiry has shown that they mistake typical cases of arthritis deformans for gout, and the swellings about the joints and even Heberden’s nodes for ‘gouty’ deposits.” Can it for one moment be denied that even to ourselves, living in England, the so-called “home of gout,” these trenchant criticisms are but too applicable. So long, then, as such confusion exists as to what does and what does not constitute gout, how can we, with any show of scientific precision, presume to discuss, much less lay down, dogmatic statements as to the geographical distribution and the race incidence of gout? _Food, Drink, and Occupation._—Gout, it has been well said, is the “Nemesis of high living,” for, unquestionably _overeating_ is most fertile in evoking any latent tendency thereto. Attempts to throw all the blame on particular foodstuffs, _e.g._, red meats, etc., on the ground that these highly nitrogenous substances engender excessive formation of uric acid, have failed of their object. Even the much-maligned “purin bodies” have of late been largely absolved of blame, and the virtues of a “purin-free” diet, _e.g._, milk, are probably referable to the _intestinal asepsis_ that such a regimen promotes.