Graham's Magazine Vol XXXII No. 1 January 1848Various
General
Graham's Magazine Vol XXXII No. 1 January 1848
Various
Literature -- Periodicals; Literature, Modern -- 19th century -- Periodicals
"The Doctors [Campbell and Johnson] both charge
Pope with error and inconsistency:--error in
supposing that _in English_, of metrical lines
unequal in the number of syllables and pronounced
in equal times, the longer suggests celerity (this
being the principle of the
Alexandrine:)--inconsistency, in that Pope himself
uses the same contrivance to convey the contrary
idea of slowness. But why in English? It is not and
cannot be disputed that, in the Hexameter verse of
the Greeks and Latins--which is the model in this
matter--what is distinguished as the 'dactylic
line' was uniformly applied to express velocity.
How was it to do so? Simply from the fact of being
pronounced in an equal time with, while containing
a greater number of syllables or 'bars' than the
ordinary or average measure; as, on the other hand,
the spondaic line, composed of the minimum number,
was, upon the same principle, used to indicate
slowness. So, too, of the Alexandrine in English
versification. No, says Campbell, there is a
difference: the Alexandrine is not in fact, like
the dactylic line, pronounced in the common time.
But does this alter the principle? What is the
rationale of Metre, whether the classical hexameter
or the English heroic?"
I have written an essay on the "Rationale of Verse," in which the
whole topic is surveyed _ab initio_, and with reference to general and
immutable principles. To this essay (which will soon appear) I refer
Mr. Bristed. In the meantime, without troubling myself to ascertain
whether Doctors Johnson and Campbell are wrong, or whether Pope is
wrong, or whether the reviewer is right or wrong, at this point or at
that, let me succinctly state what is _the truth_ on the topics at
issue.
And first; the same principles, in _all_ cases, govern _all_ verse.
What is true in English is true in Greek.
Secondly; in a series of lines, if one line contains more syllables
than the law of the verse demands, and if, nevertheless, this line is
pronounced in the same time, upon the whole, as the rest of the lines,
then this line suggests celerity--on account of the increased rapidity
of enunciation required. Thus in the Greek Hexameter the dactylic
lines--those most abounding in dactyls--serve best to convey the idea
of rapid motion. The spondaic lines convey that of slowness.
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