Grave-mounds and Their Contents: A Manual of Archæology, as Exemplified in the Burials of the Celtic, the Romano-British, and the Anglo-Saxon PeriodsJewitt, Llewellynn Frederick William
History
Grave-mounds and Their Contents: A Manual of Archæology, as Exemplified in the Burials of the Celtic, the Romano-British, and the Anglo-Saxon Periods
Jewitt, Llewellynn Frederick William
Great Britain -- Antiquities; Megalithic monuments -- Great Britain; Mounds -- Great Britain
[Illustration: Fig. 167.]
[Illustration: Fig. 168.]
[Illustration: Fig. 169.]
[Illustration: Fig. 170.]
Flakes of various sizes and forms constantly occur, and are called by
many absurd names. Small, delicately formed, and very beautiful flints,
of an oviform or circular shape, are also found (fig. 168), as are a
large number of other forms besides those I have illustrated. These
will, however, be sufficient for my present purpose, and will enable
the reader to form a pretty correct and extended estimate of the
number and variety of flints which the grave-mounds produce. Celts of
flint are also occasionally found. An example here shown (fig. 170) was
discovered in a very interesting barrow called “Gospel Hillock,” at Cow
Dale, near Buxton, by Captain Lukis. It measured four and a half inches
in length.
[Illustration: Fig. 171.]
In JET, the articles found consist of beads, rings, necklaces, studs,
etc., and some of these are of the utmost beauty. A very elaborate
example of necklace, found by Mr. Bateman in the cist (fig. 28) on
Middleton Moor, is here engraved (fig. 171). The beads of which it is
composed lay about the neck of the skeleton. It was formed of variously
shaped beads and other ornaments of jet and bone curiously ornamented.
The various pieces of this elaborate necklace count 420 in number;
348 being thin laminæ, 54 of cylindrical form, and the remaining 18,
conical studs and perforated plates, some of which are ornamented with
punctures.
Another example (fig. 172), with elongated beads, and pierced ornaments
of bone, is here given.
[Illustration: Fig. 172.]
Another good example is engraved on the next page. It was found at
Fimber, by Mr. Mortimer, and consists of 171 laminæ, or small jet discs
(No. 2), and a triangular pendant, or centre, of jet (No. 3), an inch
in length, and perforated in the middle.
Studs and pendants of jet are of various forms, and are perforated for
suspension in a variety of ways. Fig. 174 shows a jet stud from Gospel
Hillock. It is engraved of its full size, as is also the next example
(fig. 175), from the Calais Wold barrow. These are very similar in
form, and in their perforations. Another form, a ring pierced for
suspension, is shown on fig. 176.
[Illustration: Fig. 173.]
[Illustration: Fig. 174.]
[Illustration: Fig. 175.]
[Illustration: Fig. 176.]
Implements of bone are frequently found, but in many instances their
use is not easily determined. They consist chiefly of modelling tools
(supposed to have been used in the manufacture of pottery), pins,
mesh-rules, studs, pendants, and other personal ornaments; lance-heads,
spear-heads, whistles (?), hammers, and beads. Some of these are shown
in figs. 177 to 182.
[Illustration: Fig. 177.]
[Illustration: Fig. 178.]
[Illustration: Fig. 179.]
[Illustration: Fig. 180.]
[Illustration: Fig. 181.]
[Illustration: Fig. 182.]
[Illustration: Fig. 183.]
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