This double-temple was the work of two kings. From the second pylon to the further end of the Temple is the portion built first, by the King Amenophis III. The other portion, from first to the second pylon, is the part built by Rameses II. The sanctuary is placed in the centre of a hall, surrounded by small chambers. It has two doors, one at either end, and on the axis of the building it has a vestibule in front and a hall beyond, supported by twelve columns. Another hall in front of the _Naos_ (or interior apartment) is supported by thirty-two lofty columns. In front of this again is a large square open court. This court is connected to the larger front peristylar court by a grand and lofty gallery, similar to a hypostyle hall. It is 176 ft. long, enclosed and covered, and richly decorated like the hypostyle hall at Karnak (Fig. 96). Four colossal seated statues are in front of the first pylon, and two obelisks, one on each side of the door-way. Four large flagstaffs and a double row of sphinxes in front of the temple complete the accessories to this great edifice. The whole building and obelisks were covered over with bas-reliefs and inscriptions. [Illustration: Fig. 107.—Bird’s-eye View of Luxor, as restored by Chipiez. (P. & C.)] [Illustration: Fig. 108.—Principal Façade of the Temple of Luxor, restored by Chipiez. (P. & C.)] [Illustration: Fig. 109.—Column of Thothmes III.; from the Ambulatory of Thothmes at Karnak. (P. & C.)] [Illustration: Fig. 110.—Column of the Hypostyle Hall of the Ramesseum; from Horeau. (P. & C.)] The typical Egyptian columns or supports are of two distinct and well-marked kinds, the _lotus-headed_ and the campaniform or bell-shaped. The former is so called from its resemblance to a closed lotus-bud (Fig. 109), and the latter from its resemblance to a bell with the mouth uppermost (Fig. 110). An earlier and simpler form of column or support is the quadrangular pier (Fig. 111), and the next development is the tapering quadrangular pier (Fig. 112), both undecorated. Next we have the pier with a capital which, in profile, is a simple cavetto or “gorge,” and square abacus (Fig. 113). [Illustration: Fig. 111.—Quadrangular Pier (P. & C.)] [Illustration: Fig. 112.—Tapering Quadrangular Pier. (P. & C.)] Between the abacus and the entablature or beam is a square thickness of stone; this is the great defect in the Egyptian orders, and distinguishes the latter from the Greek orders. This space between the abacus and the architrave is bad, both from a scientific and artistic point of view. It robs the capital of its legitimate appearance as a supporting member. This pier, with capital and the Hathoric pier (Fig. 114), with the head of the goddess Hathor, are both decorated. [Illustration: Fig. 113.—Pier with Capital. (P. & C.)] [Illustration: Fig. 114.—Hathoric Pier. (P. & C.)]