[Illustration: Fig. 111.—Coronation of the Virgin; Ivory Carving relieved with Colours and Gold; Thirteenth-Century French. (Jacquemart.)] Small statuettes in ivory were made in great quantities in the Middle Ages, and as an example of the French school of ivory carving of this period there is an exceedingly fine representation of the “Coronation of the Virgin” (Fig. 111) in the Louvre. In this work the figure of Christ has the dress and lineaments of Philip III. (the Bold), the son of St. Louis, and that of the Virgin is personified as Mary, his Queen, daughter of Henry III. (the Debonnaire), Duke of Lorraine and Brabant. This example dates from about 1274, and is certainly one of the most perfectly finished works of French sculpture of that time. [Illustration: Fig. 112.—Image Painter; Fifteenth Century.] Colour and rich decoration were seen very much on the sculpture of the Middle Ages, for we find traces of it in the mediæval tombs, effigies, and all kinds of statuary. Some of the ancient diptychs had both ground and figures coloured and perhaps gilt. Coloured and gilded statues and reliefs were common in Germany and France, and are so to-day in those of the Roman and Greek Christian churches. [Illustration: Fig. 113.—Leaf of a Roman Diptych. (S.K.M.)] The dresses of the figures are semé (sown) all over with fleurs-de-lis and very rich diapers in gold and silver, on rich red, blue, and white grounds. Statuary painting was a profession in the Middle Ages. The illustration (Fig. 112), from a French fifteenth-century manuscript, shows an image painter at work.